Examinando por Materia "Creole Goats"

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Neospora caninum infection and reproductive disorders in Creole goats from southern Peru: a Bayesian mediation analysis across agroecological zones
(Veterinary World, 2026-05-19) Soca Jorge, Jhony; Trillo Salvador, Marisela; Valdivia Zevallos, Justo; Canchino Gutierrez, Juan; Sessarego Davila, Emmanuel Alexander; Mendoza Alacute, Edwin; Temoche Socola, Victor Alexander; Cruz Luis, Juancarlos Alejandro; Cruz Flores, Danny Julio
Background and Aim: Neosporosis, caused by Neospora caninum, is an important infectious cause of reproductive failure in ruminants, yet its epidemiological role in goats from hyper-arid coastal ecosystems remains poorly understood. In southern Peru, Creole goat production is predominantly extensive, with limited sanitary control and frequent dog–livestock interactions, which may facilitate parasite transmission. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of N. caninum and evaluate its association with reproductive problems in Creole goats, considering age and agroecological zone within a Bayesian mediation framework. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted between March and June 2025 in the Ica region of southern Peru. A total of 182 female goats from 28 herds with a history of reproductive disorders were included. Serum samples were analyzed using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to determine N. caninum serostatus. Reproductive problems, defined as abortion or the birth of weak offspring, were considered the outcome variable. Associations among age, geographic zone, infection status, and reproductive problems were assessed using a Bayesian mediation model to estimate direct, indirect, and total effects. Results: The prevalence of N. caninum was higher in Zone 1 (25.78%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 18.57–33.58) than in Zone 2 (11.11%; 95% CI: 4.08–20.38). Seropositive goats exhibited a significantly higher likelihood of reproductive problems (odds ratio = 6.49; 95% highest posterior density: 1.76–16.11). Reproductive disorders were more frequent in Zone 2 despite its lower seroprevalence, indicating the influence of non-infectious factors. Age showed a significant positive association with reproductive problems, reflecting cumulative physiological and environmental stress. Mediation analysis revealed that N. caninum acted as a direct risk factor rather than a significant mediator of age- or zone-related effects. Conclusion: N. caninum infection is strongly associated with reproductive problems in Creole goats from southern Peru and primarily functions as an individual-level risk factor. Geographic and age-related effects appear to operate largely through direct pathways independent of infection status. These findings highlight the multifactorial nature of reproductive disorders and underscore the importance of integrating infection control with nutritional and management strategies in extensive goat production systems.
Phaneroptic characterization and zoometric indices of Creole goats in the Ayacucho region, Peru: First step for breeding programs, selection, and conservation
(Mymensingh: Network for the Veterinarians of Bangladesh, 2024-06-22) Palomino Guerrera, Walter; Laimes Estrada, Yeferson; Godoy Padilla, David; Cruz Luis, Juancarlos; Trillo Zárate, Fritz
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the phenotypic characteristics and typification of Creole goats in five localities of the Ayacucho region in south-central Peru. Materials and Methods: Data from 149 goats (25 males and 124 females) were collected, excluding animals under 2 years of age, pregnant, and sick. Seven qualitative characteristics and 11 zometric measurements were evaluated, and then 9 zometric indices were estimated. Results: In the region, goats with composite colors predominated (76.50%). Additionally, supernumerary (24.20%) and divergent teats (22.60%) were observed in females, while males exhibited a scrotal bifurcation (32.00%). The origin of the flock had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on body measurements, as well as on pelvic index, transverse pelvic index, longitudinal pelvic index, compactness index, and load cannon bone index, except for body index (BOI), proportionality index, dactyl thorax index (DTI), and relative cannon bone thickness index (p > 0.05). In the Ayacucho region, there is a predominance of light animals (57.72%) with a significant DTI (p < 0.05) among the populations, including goats with good balance and capable of walking long distances. Furthermore, there are compact animals (47.65%) with a significant BOI (p < 0.05) among the flock populations, which animals are of the biotype of meat. Conversely, the strongest positive correlation (r = 0.89) was discovered between chest girth and body weight. Conclusion: In the Ayacucho region, there are various creole goat biotypes range from light to very compact heavy goats, with a predominance of meat biotype animals, as well as a marked size dimorphism between localities of origin.
Phenotypic diversity and morphometric patterns of Creole goats in the Peruvian Amazonian: a multivariate approach
(Veterinary World, 2026-05-10) Rodríguez Vargas, Anibal Raul; Tafur Gutierrez, Lucinda; Sessarego Dávila, Emmanuel Alexander; Ruiz Chamorro, José Antonio; Barrantes Campos, Cecilio; Cruz Luis , Juancarlos Alejandro
Background and Aim: Creole goats (Capra hircus) constitute an important genetic resource in tropical production systems; however, their morphostructural characterization in the Peruvian Amazonian remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate the morphological and morphometric characteristics, body indices, and multivariate structure of Creole goats to identify patterns of phenotypic variability and functional adaptation under extensive systems. Materials and Methods: A total of 149 adult Creole goats were evaluated across three districts (Bagua Grande, Cumba, and El Milagro). 15 qualitative traits and 31 morphometric variables were recorded using standardized protocols. Six ethnological indices; body index (BI), cephalic index (CI), facial index (FI), thoracic index (TI), pelvic index (PI), and proportionality index (PrI), and nine productive indices; thoracic metacarpus index (TMI), costal metacarpus index (CMI), posterior podal index, relative thoracic depth index (RTDI), transverse pelvic index, longitudinal pelvic index, compactness index (CoI), relative cane thickness index, and cane load index, were calculated. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, Fisher’s exact test, Z-test, Mann–Whitney U test, Student’s t-test, and Welch’s t-test. Relationships among indices were assessed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and multivariate structure was explored using principal component analysis (PCA). Results: Significant sexual dimorphism was observed, with males showing higher body weight, greater skeletal robustness, and higher FI, TMI, and CoI, whereas females exhibited higher TI and distinct mammary traits. Ecotype differentiation revealed that longilinear goats had elongated conformations with lower PrI values, while brevilinear goats exhibited compact and robust structures with higher TMI, CMI, and cane load index values. Strong correlations were identified between BI and FI, as well as among productive indices such as TMI, RTDI, and CoI (p ≤ 0.001). PCA explained 57.4% of total variability, with body weight and thoracic-related measurements contributing most to the first component, confirming their importance in morphostructural differentiation. Conclusion: Creole goats in the Peruvian Amazonian exhibit high phenotypic variability and clear morphostructural differentiation influenced by sex, ecotype, and environment. Body measurements and indices provide reliable tools for field-based selection and characterization. The integration of morphometric and multivariate approaches offers a robust framework for genetic improvement, conservation, and sustainable management of goat populations in tropical production systems.