Capítulos de Libros

URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://repositorio.inia.gob.pe/handle/20.500.12955/1935

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Effect of Technological alternatives in the mitigation of climate change in the aging of alpacas above 4,000 msnm Puno-Peru
(Göttingen University Press, 2019-07-02) Huanca Mamani, Tedosio; Mamani Cato, Ruben Hebert; Naveros Flores, Mary Luz; González Castillo, Mario Lino
The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of technological alternatives in the mitigation of climate change in the breeding of alpacas over 4,000 meters above sea level. The validation study was conducted in 06 farming communities of two agroecological zones of the Puno region. The variables under study were weight at birth, weight at weaning, weight of fleece, pregnancy and mortality percentage, during 2014 in which no technological alternatives were applied, while in 2015 and 2016 this set was applied of alternatives. The data were analyzed in a completely randomized design using the SAS statistical software version 9.4. The results show that the birth weights were of 6.01, 6.254 and 6.83 kg for the years 2014, 2015 and 2016 respectively (p <0.05). The weaning weights were of 29.02, 29.73 and 30.99 kg for the years 2014, 2015 and 2016 respectively (p <0.05). The fleece weights were 2.28, 2.35 and 2.75 kg for the years 2014, 2015 and 2016 respectively (p <0.05). The pregnancy percentages were of 68.33, 72.84 and 83.77 % in the years 2014, 2015 and 2016 respectively. The mortality percentages were 10.39, 5.11 and 2.44 % for the years 2014, 2015 and 2016 respectively (p<0.05). The set of technological alternatives applied during the years 2015 and 2016 had a significant effect on the birth weight, weaning weight, fleece weight, pregnancy percentage and mortality of the alpacas.
Embryo mortality and its relation with the phase of follicular development at mating in alpaca
(Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2006-12-01) Huanca López, Wilfredo; Cervantes, Miriam; Huanca Mamani, Teodosio
The objective of this study was to evaluate the relation between the phase of follicular development (growth, maintenance or regression) during mating with embryo mortality to day 35-post mating. 116 alpacas ≥ 3 years of age were examined daily by transrectal ultrasonography (Aloka SSD 500) using a 7.5 MHz linear-array transducer to evaluate follicular status and then assigned to the following groups G1: Growing follicle 5 - 6 mm (n = 27); G2: Growing ≥ 7 mm.(n=30); G3 Maintenance ≥ 7 mm. (n = 30); G4 Regressing follicle ≥7 mm. (n= 29). Ultrasounds examinations were performed on days 0, 2, 9, 20, 25, 30 and 35 to determine occurance of ovulation (day 2); Corpus Luteum diameter (CL (day 9) and presence of embryonic vesicle or embryo (day 20 to 35). Male acceptance, ovulation and conception rate was compared by Chi Square test between groups. Acceptance rate was 100% in groups G2,G3 and G4 but only 81.5% of animals of G1 with follicle of 6 mm. accepted mating. Ovulation rate was 95.5; 96.7; 100.0 and 96.6% in G1; G2; G3 and G4, respectively (P > 0.05) and no differences were detected between groups in CL diameter. Conception rate on day 20 was 57.1; 68.9; 60.0 and 50.0% for G1; G2; G3 and G4 (P > 0.05). Embryonic loss rates from day 20 to 35 were not significantly different between groups. This result suggest that the status of follicular development at mating would not have influence on embryo mortality rate between day 20 and 35 of gestation in alpacas and that animals that accepted mating in all phase, including the one with follicle of 6 mm diameter present similar reproductive performance.
Estimación de la heredabilidad de seis caracteres de calidad de fibra de alpacas huacaya del INIA Puno
(Göttingen University Press, 2019-07-02) Mamani Cato, Rubén Hebert; Huanca Mamani, Tedosio; Pineda Serruto, Martín Equicio; Naveros Flores, Mary Luz; Gallegos, R.
El objetivo fue estimar las heredabilidades de seis caracteres de calidad de fibra de alpacas Huacaya a la primera esquila del banco de germoplasma del Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria, ubicado en el departamento de puno a una altitud de 4,200 metros en la zona agroecológica de puna seca. La base de datos constó de 9,114 registros de fibra y fueron analizados con el analizador óptico del diámetro de fibra (OFDA, IWTO-47-95) en el laboratorio de fibras del IVITA Maranganí. Para estimar los componentes de varianza del diámetro de fibra, desviación estándar del diámetro de fibra, factor de confort, coeficiente de variabilidad del diámetro de fibra, longitud de mecha y peso vellón se utilizó el modelo animal unicaracter y = Xb + Zu + e, donde y es el vector de observaciones, b es el vector de efectos fijos (sexo, color y mes-año de esquila) la edad en días se consideró como covariable lineal, u es el vector que representa el efecto genético aditivo, e es el vector de residuales; X y Z son las matrices de incidencia de efectos fijos y aleatorios respectivamente. Los componentes de varianza fueron estimados por el método de Máxima Verosimilitud Restringida (REML) utilizando el programa VCE versión 6.0.2. La heredabilidad estimada para el Diámetro de fibra fue de alta magnitud 0.540±0.087; para el resto de caracteres fue de media magnitud siendo para la Desviación estándar 0.311±0.089, Factor de confort 0.278±0.077, Coeficiente de variabilidad 0.291±0.089, Peso vellón 0.158±0.027 y Longitud de mecha 0.268±0.081. Se concluye que es posible obtener una buena respuesta a la selección para los seis caracteres de calidad de fibra en alpacas Huacaya.
Suri/Huacaya phenotype inheritance in alpaca (Vicugna pacos)
(2012-01) Renieri, Carlo; Valbonesi, Alessandro; Antonini, M.; La Manna, Vincenzo; Huanca Mamani, Teodosio; Apaza, Nolberto; Presciuttini, Silvano; Asparrin, M.
The Suri/Huacaya phenotype inheritance in alpaca was tested on two independent Peruvian sources of records: the Registry of Mallkini farm (588 offspring by Suri sire x Suri dam from 62 paternal half sib families, and 2,126 offspring by Huacaya sire x Huacaya dam from 177 paternal half sib families) and the results of the Quimsachata INIA ILLPA Puno experimental trial (two reciprocal experimental test-crosses, involving a total of 17 unrelated males and 149 unrelated females). The data support a genetic model in which two linked loci must simultaneously be homozygous for recessive alleles in order to produce the Huacaya phenotype. The estimated recombination rate between these loci was 0.099 (95% C.L. = 0.029-0.204). The birth of 3 Suri offspring from Huacaya x Huacaya mating is explained by a new dominant mutation on some germinal lines of Huacaya animals. The direct mutation rate can be estimated at 0.0014.

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Examinando Capítulos de Libros por Materia "Alpaca"