Examinando por Autor "Bardales, William"

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Agronomic and nutritional potential of ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) accessions as raw material for silage in the tropical Andes of Peru
(MDPI, 2026-01-22) Bobadilla , Leidy G.; Altamirano Tantalean, Miguel A.; Carrasco Chilón, William Leoncio; Silva Baca, Vanesa Lizbeth; Mejía, Flor L.; Paucar, Ysai; Valqui, Leandro; Bardales, William; Maicelo, Jorge L.; Vásquez, Héctor V.
In the tropical Andes, rangeland degradation has become one of the main threats to the sustainability of livestock production in the face of climate change. In this context, optimizing the yield and nutritional quality of raw material for silage is essential to sustain livestock productivity. The aim of this study was to identify local accessions (LM) of Lolium multiflorum Lam. with greater forage potential through evaluations in consecutive cuts made at the anthesis phenological stage, using a randomized complete block design with four replicates and ten local accessions (LM1, LM2, LM3, LM4, LM6, LM7, LM8, LM11, LM12 and LM13). The statistical analysis, based on linear mixed models, showed that cuts at anthesis had a significant effect among accessions, revealing high variability in agronomic and nutritional performance across cuts. In LM4, plant height at the fourth cut was 2.48-fold higher than at the first cut. Likewise, LM4 and LM13 were identified as the latest accessions to reach anthesis in the first cut, with a decreasing trend across cuts and stabilization from the third cut onward. These accessions also showed the greatest basal coverage area, increasing 9.94- and 8.18-fold in the fourth cut relative to the first. Fresh forage yields in LM4 and LM13 increased 13.2- and 10.1-fold, and dry matter yields 13.98- and 9.86-fold, compared with the first cut. They also exhibited the highest average daily dry matter accumulation rate. By contrast, the fresh forage and dry matter yields of the remaining accessions were significantly lower than those of LM4 and LM13. The main difference between these two accessions was observed in dry matter percentage, with higher values and a stable trend in LM4 across all cuts. In terms of nutritional quality, LM4 presented crude protein of 24.2% in the second cut and 24.0% in the fourth cut, while digestibility was 86.2% in the second cut and 85.0% in the fourth cut. In conclusion, although the ensiling process was not evaluated in this study, LM4 showed the most stable and outstanding values in both agronomic and nutritional performance, thus emerging as a promising accession for selection and use as raw material for silage production in the tropical Andes.
Apis mellifera bee: importance, challenges, and its impact on agriculture in Peru
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2026-07-29) Ruiz Llontop, Deysi Yenny; Paucar, Ysai; Bardales, William; Saucedo Uriarte, José Américo
Bees are fundamental to the health of both natural ecosystems and agricultural systems, providing essential pollination services that support biodiversity and agriculture. In Peru, they play an important role in pollinating major agricultural crops such as coffee, blueberries, avocados, citrus fruits, and cacao, among others; at the same time, they help preserve biodiversity. However, bee populations in the country face significant threats, including habitat loss driven by deforestation and agricultural expansion, the spread of parasitic pests like Varroa destructor, pesticide exposure, and the effects of climate change... This review synthesizes recent research on the state of bee populations and apiculture in Peru, drawing on a comprehensive dataset of 89 studies published between 1914 and 2024. It examines the key challenges facing Peruvian A. mellifera bee, including the impact of environmental stressors, the sustainability of beekeeping practices, and the regional distribution of research efforts. Additionally, the review explores the importance of grassland ecosystems as critical habitats for pollinators and their role in supporting agricultural productivity. The review identified significant knowledge gaps in Peru, including limited geographic coverage, insufficient understanding of pollination ecology and ecosystem services, and a lack of studies quantifying the economic value of pollination for agriculture. By identifying research gaps and proposing future directions, this article seeks to advocate for the adoption of sustainable agricultural practices in Peru to safeguard A. mellifera.
Impact of production practices and sanitary management on the prevalence of Neospora caninum and bluetongue virus in Creole goats from the tropical dry forest of Utcubamba, Peru
(American Veterinary Medical Association, 2024-11-04) Tafur Gutierrez, Lucinda; Alva, Gudelio; Godoy Padilla, David J; Frias, Hugo; Arista, Miguel A; Bardales, William; Encina, Ricardo; Portocarrero, Segundo M; Saucedo, José A; Cruz Luis, Juancarlos Alejandro; Murga, Nilton L.
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to report the impact of production practices and sanitary management on the prevalence of Neospora caninum (N caninum) and bluetongue virus (BTV) in Creole goats from the tropical dry forest of Utcubamba, Peru. METHODS 354 blood samples were obtained from male and female goats of diverse ages reared under an extensive productive system. The diagnosis of N caninum and BTV was conducted through a commercial ELISA kit (iD.vet) with readings taken on a Bio-Rad iMark microplate reader at 450 nm. Additionally, a survey was conducted with 18 goat producers to categorize them based on social, technical (production, health, reproduction, nutrition, and infrastructure), environmental, and economic factors. RESULTS The overall seroprevalence of N caninum and BTV in goats was 6.21% and 7.06%, respectively, Notably, group II farmers had the highest prevalence rates at 7.69% for N caninum and 23.08% for BTV. This group comprises producers with fewer than 21 goats, while group III includes 14.3% of producers with over 60 goats and better infrastructure. CONCLUSIONS This study confirms the presence of N caninum and BTV in goats of Utcubamba, Peru. Group II displayed the highest prevalence rates, suggesting that herd size and management infrastructure influence disease prevalence. CLINICAL RELEVANCE In the tropical dry forest of Utcubamba, inadequate management of N caninum carrier agents (eg, nondewormed dogs) heightens transmission risk, while the tropical climate supports BTV vectors. Effective diagnosis and health management strategies, including vector control and biosecurity practices, are crucial for ongoing herd health monitoring