Examinando por Materia "South American camelids"

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Intake and digestibility of four rations with different fiber levels in alpacas (Vicugna pacos)
(Springer Nature, 2024-10-01) Obregón Cruz, Ana B.; Gómez, Carlos A.; Osorio Zavala, Cesar Mauro; Van Saun, Robert J.
The aim of this study was to evaluated the impact of different fibre levels in alpaca diet on voluntary feed intake and apparent digestibility, and to estimate the digestibility of organic matter (OMD) from the content of crude protein (CP) in feces. The study was carried out with twelve alpacas (36.7 ± 6.4 kg body weight- BW), which were offered 4 treatments with different neutral detergent fiber content (NDF. T1: 40.3%; T2: 62%; T3: 68%; T4: 72%) under a switch back design. Absolute daily dry matter intake (DMI) was higher for T1 (678 g/d) than T4 (312 g/d) (p ≥ 005). NDF intake was similar between treatments when related to BW or MW (on average 1% BW and 22 g/kg MW. p ≥ 0.05). Water intake (L/kg DMI) was higher in T1 compared to the other treatments, with values ranging from 2.9 L/kg DMI(T1) to 2.8 L/kg DMI(T4), respectively (p ≤ 0.05). Digestibility of dry matter, organic matter and CP was higher in T1 than in the other treatments, with average values ranging from 72% for T1 to 32% for T4 (p ≤ 0.05). NDF digestibility was similar among treatments (p ≥ 0.05). The regression equation generated to predict OMD (y) was as follows: y = 0.360 + 0.08294*fecal CP (g/kg OM). Further studies will indicate whether faecal nitrogen can be used to estimate digestibility and hence diet quality in South American camelids.
La ganadería regenerativa, una alternativa sostenible ante los impactos del cambio climático en la cadena de valor de los camélidos sudamericanos
(Academy of Latin American Business and Sustainability Studies (ALBUS), 2025-12-22) Larios Francia, Rosa Patricia; Cárdenas Minaya, Oscar Efraín; Condori Ticona, Andrés
América Latina sufre los efectos del cambio climático, con presencia de fuertes nevadas, granizadas, lluvias intensas, deshielo de glaciares, sequías, etc., que afectan los ecosistemas andinos y sus cadenas de valor, generando pobreza y pérdidas económicas. Este estudio tiene por objetivo identificar los impactos del cambio climático en la producción primaria de la cadena de valor de los camélidos sudamericanos, así como las estrategias para mitigarlos. Se adopta un enfoque cuantitativo, no experimental, transeccional y exploratorio. La investigación se desarrolló en la región de Puno, zona que concentra el 80% de la población nacional de camélidos. Participaron comunidades ubicadas entre los 3,800 a 5,000 msnm. Se identificó un alto impacto del cambio climático en la actividad pecuaria, sobre las actividades de pastoreo, alimentación, salud y bienestar, productividad, disponibilidad de recursos y sostenibilidad económica, lo que evidencia la necesidad de adaptación y el desarrollo de estrategias para mitigar los impactos. Este estudio propone la implementación de ganadería regenerativa, por su enfoque en la restauración de ecosistemas y la promoción de la biodiversidad, incluyendo actividades de pastoreo rotativo, control de malezas, mejora del suelo, reducción de la erosión, etc. Se evidenció la brecha de conocimiento sobre la estrategia, asimismo, alta motivación por recibir capacitación y apoyo técnico para implementarla. Los resultados generan evidencia para el desarrollo de programas de capacitación, financiamiento y apoyo técnico.
Spermatozoa Obtained From Alpaca vas deferens. Effects of Seminal Plasma Added at Post-thawing
(Frontiers Media S.A, 2021-02-10) Aisen, Eduardo G.; Huanca López, Wilfredo; Pérez Durand, Manuel G.; Torres Mamani, Edita; Villanueva Mori, Juan C.; Ousset, María J.; Medina, Víctor H.; Pérez Guerra, Uri Harold; Huanca Mamani, Teodosio
The viscous seminal plasma (SP) is currently a major impediment to the handling of ejaculate and the development of some biotechnologies in South American camelids. The vas deferens-collected spermatozoa of alpacas is a useful technique to avoid this problem. On the other hand, SP contains a large protein component that has been implicated in the function of spermatozoa within the female reproductive tract. In this sense, the low fertility achieved using transcervical insemination with frozen-thawed spermatozoa in alpacas could be improved by adding SP. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the whole SP on some in vitro parameters of alpaca spermatozoa after the freezing-thawing-process and the fertility after artificial insemination. It would contribute to a better understanding of the interaction between thawed sperm cells and SP. Spermatozoa were obtained by surgically diverted vas deferens. The samples were diluted with a Tris-based extender, packaged in straws, and frozen. At thawing, each straw was divided into two post-thawing conditions: with the addition of 10% of PBS (control) or with 10% SP (treatment). The sperm cells were evaluated using dynamic parameters, sperm cell morphology, and morphometry. Fertility was assessed by an artificial insemination trial. All in vitro parameters were analyzed by ANOVA. A heterogeneity test was scheduled for the fertility trial. After the freezing-thawing process, motility and plasma membrane functionality was improved when SP was added. No differences were found for post-thaw viability between the control and treatment samples. The percentage of normal cells was higher with SP at post-thawing, and a decrease of the presence of bent tailed spermatozoa with a droplet in the SP group was observed. The length of the head spermatozoa was 3.4% higher in the samples with PBS compared to those in which SP was added. Females pregnant at day 25 post-insemination were 0/12 (with SP inside the straw) and 1/10 (without SP inside the straw). In conclusion, the presence of 10% SP at post-thawing improves sperm cells' motility, functionality, and morphology, indicating that it would be beneficial to improve the frozen-thawed alpaca's physiology spermatozoa. More fertility trials must be developed to increase this knowledge.