Examinando por Materia "Solanum"

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Collecting wild potato species (Solanum sect. Petota) in Peru to enhance genetic representation and fill gaps in ex situ collections
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2023-01-30) Sotomayor Melo, Diego Alejandro; Ellis, David; Salas, Alberto; Gomez, Rene; Sánchez Díaz, Rosa Angélica; Carrillo Castillo, Fredesvinda; Girón Aguilar, Rita Carolina; Quispe, Violeta; Manrique Carpintero, Norma C.; Anglin, Noelle L.; Zorrilla Cisneros, Cinthya
Crop wild relatives (CWRs) are important sources of novel genes, due to their high variability of response to biotic and abiotic stresses, which can be invaluable for crop genetic improvement programs. Recent studies have shown that CWRs are threatened by several factors, including changes in land-use and climate change. A large proportion of CWRs are underrepresented in genebanks, making it necessary to take action to ensure their long-term ex situ conservation. With this aim, 18 targeted collecting trips were conducted during 2017/2018 in the center of origin of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), targeting 17 diverse ecological regions of Peru. This was the first comprehensive wild potato collection in Peru in at least 20 years and encompassed most of the unique habitats of potato CWRs in the country. A total of 322 wild potato accessions were collected as seed, tubers, and whole plants for ex situ storage and conservation. They belonged to 36 wild potato species including one accession of S. ayacuchense that was not conserved previously in any genebank. Most accessions required regeneration in the greenhouse prior to long-term conservation as seed. The collected accessions help reduce genetic gaps in ex situ conserved germplasm and will allow further research questions on potato genetic improvement and conservation strategies to be addressed. These potato CWRs are available by request for research, training, and breeding purposes under the terms of the International Treaty for Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) from the Instituto Nacional de Innovacion Agraria (INIA) and the International Potato Center (CIP) in Lima-Peru.
Ex situ conservation priorities for the peruvian wild tomato species (Solanum L. Sect. Lycopersicum (Mill.) Wettst)
(Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, 2019-10-23) Vilchez Palomino, Dioliza; Sotomayor Melo, Diego Alejandro; Zorrilla Cisneros, Cinthya
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is a crop of global importance that has center of origin in Peru, with 11 species of wild relatives (CWR) occurring in the country. These CWR contain genetic material that could be used to improve currently cultivated species, and that is usually stored ex situ in germplasm banks. Hence, assessing the representativeness of germplasm banks is important to strengthen genetic improvement of tomatoes as well as their resilience to globally changing conditions. Here, we used gap analysis methodology on the 11 species of tomato CWR occurring in Peru. This methodology consists in seven steps that consider representativeness in terms of herbaria/germplasm banks, geography and environments within the country, in order to establish conservation priorities. We also assessed conservation priorities for the Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria (INIA), which is the main ex situ conservation Institution in Peru. Nationally, we found one species with high priority for conservation: Solanum huaylasense, and for INIA we found six species with high conservation priority: S. huaylasense, S. neorickii, S. chmielewskii, S. corneliomulleri, S. arcanum and S. chilense. We also found that the gap analysis methodology allowed for a proper prioritization of species and be readily applied to other species. We conclude by recommending strategies to improve the genetic coverage of the tomato germplasm held at INIA, as well as by discussing priorities for in situ conservation of tomato CWRs.
Guía de manejo agronómico de papas nativas para conservación ex situ
(Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria - INIA, 2023-03) Salazar Arisaca, Shakira Mabel; Tumpay Sucno, Luis Albert
El Ministerio de Desarrollo Agrario y Riego (MIDAGRI), a través del Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria (INIA), pone a disposición de los productores, técnicos, conservacionistas, profesionales e investigadores, la presente guía en el marco del Proyecto “Mejoramiento de los Servicios de Investigación en la Caracterización de los Recursos Genéticos de la Agrobiodiversidad en 17 Departamentos del Perú - PROAGROBIO”, con el objetivo de comunicar y orientar en la conservación del cultivo de papas nativas a todo el público en general.