Examinando por Materia "Germination"

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Bioestimulante y tiempos de imbibición sobre la germinación de semillas de maracuyá (Passiflora edulis S., Passifloraceae)
(Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, 2024-05-28) Ruesta López, Madai; Zurita Chinguel, Lesly; Lizano Pintado, Maribel; Delgado Vite, María; Zapata Durand, Diana; Jiménez Castillo, Jaira; Peña Castillo, Ricardo; Galecio Julca, Miguel; Chanduví García, Roger; Morales Pizarro, Davies Arturo
El maracuyá (Passiflora edulis S.) es un fruto tropical de interés socio-económico en Perú, usado como ingrediente en la industria alimentaria, estética y medicina. No obstante, este cultivo presenta un bajo poder germinativo, por lo cual es necesario realizar tratamientos pre germinativos, para incrementar el porcentaje de germinación y el desarrollo inicial de las plántulas. Objetivo: evaluar el efecto de diferentes bioestimulantes a 12 h y 24 h de hidratación sobre la germinación de semillas de maracuyá. Metodología: se recolectaron semillas de maracuyá de frutos grandes y redondos, libre de patógenos. Las semillas sin arilo fueron tratadas: T0 (agua destilada), T1 (azufre 25 g/10 L), T2 (azufre 50 g/10 L), T3 (biol 3%), T4 (biol 5%), T5 (canela 25%), T6 (canela 50%), T7 (suero de leche 25%) y T8 (suero de leche 50%) durante 12 h y 24 h de imbibición. Las variables evaluadas fueron: agua absorbida, tasa de imbibición (TI), porcentaje de germinación (PG), velocidad de germinación (VG), índice de germinación (IG) y primer día de germinación (PDG). Resultados: la mayor absorción de agua se da en las 9 primeras horas. Los Tratamientos T4, T5 y T6 mejoraron significativamente el PG, VG, IG, PDG a 12 h de imbibición. Sin embargo, a 24 h de imbibición estos valores disminuyen. El PG presentó una alta correlación positiva con VG e IG. Asimismo, la VG presentó una correlación altamente negativa con PDG. Implicaciones: El uso de bioestimulantes incrementa la germinación. Conclusiones: El extracto de canela a 25% y 50%, y biol 5% a 12 h de imbibición mejoran significativamente las variables evaluadas comparadas con la imbibición a 24 h. La correlación positiva entre las variables indica una relación directa entre estas.
Dataset of de novo assembly and functional annotation of the transcriptome during germination and initial growth of seedlings of Myrciaria Dubia “camu-camu”
(Elsevier, 2020-06-11) Castro Gómez, Juan Carlos; Maddox, J. Dylan; Rodríguez, Hicler N.; Castro, Carlos G.; Imán Correa, Sixto Alfredo; Cobos Ruiz, Marianela; Paredes, Jae D.; Marapara del Aguila, Jorge Luis; Braga, Janeth; Adrianzén Julca, Pedro Marcelino
Myrciaria dubia “camu-camu” is a native shrub of the Amazon that is commonly found in areas that are flooded for three to four months during the annual hydrological cycle. This plant species is exceptional for its capacity to biosynthesize and accumulate important quantities of a variety of health-promoting phytochemicals, especially vitamin C [1], yet few genomic resources are available [2]. Here we provide the dataset of a de novo assembly and functional annotation of the transcriptome from a pool of samples obtained from seeds during the germination process and seedlings during the initial growth (until one month after germination). Total RNA/mRNA was purified from different types of plant materials (i.e., imbibited seeds, germinated seeds, and seedlings of one, two, three, and four weeks old), pooled in equimolar ratio to generate the cDNA library and RNA paired-end sequencing was conducted on an Illumina HiSeq™2500 platform. The transcriptome was de novo assembled using Trinity v2.9.1 and SuperTranscripts v2.9.1. A total of 21,161 transcripts were assembled ranging in size from 500 to 10,001 bp with a N50 value of 1,485 bp. Completeness of the assembly dataset was assessed using the Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs (BUSCO) software v2/v3. Finally, the assembled transcripts were functionally annotated using TransDecoder v3.0.1 and the web-based platforms Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) Automatic Annotation Server (KAAS), and FunctionAnnotator.
Efecto de diferentes dosis de ácido giberélico en la germinación de papaya (Carica papaya L.) variedad criolla
(Universidad de Concepción, 2023-12-29) Morales Pizarro, Arturo; Rivas Chero, Angie Aracely; Zapata Córdova, Ana Claudia; García Guevara, Eleyda; Ruesta López, Madai; Peña Castillo, Ricardo Antonio
La papaya (Carica papaya L.) es un fruto tropical de gran interés socio- económico en Perú. Su principal forma de propagación es mediante semillas, las cuales presentan una gran desuniformidad en la germinación. El objetivo fue evaluar tres dosis de ácido giberélico (AG3) y dos tiempos de imbibición en la germinación de semillas de papaya 'Criolla'. La investigación se realizó en el departamento de Morfofisiología Vegetal de la Universidad Nacional de Piura (5°10'33" S, 80°37'17" O, 30 m.s.n.m) de febrero a marzo de 2023. Se utilizó un diseño completo al azar con cuatro tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones, con 20 semillas por repetición. Los datos se analizaron mediante un análisis de varianza (ANOVA) y la Prueba de Diferencia Mínima Significativa (LSD) de Fisher (p<0,05), utilizando el software estadístico Stagraphics versión 19. Los tratamientos fueron: T0 (testigo: agua), T1 (150 mg L-1 AG3), T2 (200 mg L-1 AG3), y T3 (250 mg L-1 AG3), durante 12 y 24 h de imbibición. Los parámetros evaluados fueron: porcentaje de germinación (PG), velocidad de germinación (VG), primer día de germinación (PDG) e índice de germinación (IG). Las semillas tratadas por 24 h de imbibición y a mayor concentración de AG3, mejoraron el PG en 72,5%, la velocidad de germinación con 1,26 semillas germinadas por día, y el índice de germinación con 8,3, y redujeron el tiempo de inicio de germinación a 6 días. Se concluye que el tratamiento con 250 mg L-1 de AG3 durante 24 h de imbibición mejoró las variables evaluadas en las semillas de papaya 'criolla'.
Endozoochory by Goats and White-Tailed Deer: Type of Ruminant Affect Recovery and Germination of Neltuma pallida Seeds
(Preprints.org / MDPI, 2025-11-25) Salinas Marcos, Jorge; Cruz Luis, Juancarlos Alejandro; Aguirre, Lucrecia
The "algarrobo", Neltuma pallida is a key tree species in the seasonally dry tropical forests in Equatorial Pacific South America, currently at risk. Its regeneration depends on endozoochorous seed dispersal, in which seeds are ingested and later defecated by animals, helping to release and scarify them. This study compared the role of the native white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and the introduced goat (Capra hircus) in seed dispersal. Seeds were recovered from the dung of both species after experimental feeding and from free-ranging goats grazing in fruiting N. pallida forests. Seed recovery was higher in deer dung (9.4%) than in goat dung (3.1%). Retention time was also shorter in deer (peak at 48 hours) than in goats (peak at 84 hours). Only deer scarification significantly improved germination percentage (Tukey test, p < 0.001) and germination speed (T25 = 8.98 days). Goats reduced germination speed under experimental conditions (T25 = 19.25 days), but slightly improved it under forest conditions (T25 = 12.81 days). These differences are attributed to the morphophysiological traits of each species. Although goats did not enhance overall germination, they maintained it at ~44% and contributed to seed dispersal and dormancy release.
Performance and physiological quality of Escallonia resinosa seeds: prospects for their use in reforestation and restoration
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2022-12-10) Huayta Hinojosa, Luis David; Nolasco Lozano, Emily Gisella Ninfa; Guerra, Damaris; Hermoza Gamboa, Joel; Quispe Melgar, Harold Rusbelth
In the Andes, many native forest species are not used in reforestation or restoration programs mainly due to a lack of information about their propagation. In this study, we evaluated the performance of the seeds of Escallonia resinosa by analyzing fruit and seed productivity and characteristics, seed physiological quality, and the germination rate of seeds collected at different stages of fruit physiological maturity, using tetrazolium and standard germination tests. Our results show an estimated production (mean ± SD) of 34,252.5 ± 25,900 fruits per tree and 26.5 ± 20 million seeds per tree. Seed length was 1.0 ± 0.13 mm and seed weight was 12.4 ± 1 μg. We recognized two different morphological types of seeds: Type I seeds (lacking testa) were unviable, whereas all Type II seeds (with testa) germinated. Seed viability and germination rates were 10.5 and 48.6%, respectively; therefore, the viability test underestimated the actual germination rate. Morphological or microsite variables of the parent tree did not influence seed viability or germination. Germination rates were highest (41.8 ± 2.5%) for the seeds of fruits harvested at the initial maturity stage (green fruits). Our results show that E. resinosa is a species with potential for reforestation and restoration projects in the Andes: it has high seed production and good germination performance, and seeds can be harvested from fruits collected at different stages of physiological maturity.
The Germination and Subsequent Development of Cocoa Seedlings (Theobroma cacao L.) Are Subject to Influence From the Pregerminative Methods Employed
(John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2025-12-20) Chuquibala Checan, Beimer; Torres de la Cruz, Magdiel; Mendoza Merino, Jani Elisabet; Tineo Flores, Daniel; Arce Inga, Marielita; Álvarez Robledo, Yeltsin Abel; Atalaya Marin, Nilton; Gómez Fernández, Darwin; Goñas Goñas, Malluri
In Peru, cocoa production has increased significantly, thereby establishing a prominent position for this crop in the country's agricultural landscape. The effect of different pregerminative methods on seed germination of cocoa ecotypes and their influence on seedling development in nursery were evaluated. Three cocoa ecotypes were used INDES 24, INDES 31, and INDES 67, and five pregerminative methods were applied to the seeds with mucilage, mucilage removal, tegument removal, water immersion, and immersion in Trichoderma harzianum solution. Parameters such as germination percentage GP, mean germination time GT50, mean germination rate GR50, and plant growth characteristics in terms of cotyledon height, plant height, number of leaves per plant, and stem diameter were evaluated. The results revealed that the treatments INDES 24 removal tegument, INDES 67 removal tegument, INDES 67 water immersion, and INDES 67 immersion in T. harzianum showed the best GPs of 100% at 72 h. Additionally, the INDES 67 tegument removal showed the best mean germination time and rate GT50 and GR50 with 24 h and 8 seeds/24 h, respectively. For growth parameters, INDES 67 mucilage removal showed the highest values for cotyledon height and the number of leaves per plant with 4 cm and 13.33 leaves/plant; for plant height and stem diameter, the treatments INDES 31 tegument removal and INDES 24 mucilage removal obtained the highest average values with 30.21 cm and 6.65 mm, respectively. These findings demonstrate that pregerminative methods significantly impact the germination and growth of cocoa plants. This insight can enhance cocoa propagation practices and improve the success rate of their establishment in the field.