Examinando por Materia "Genetic structure"

Mostrando 1 - 4 de 4

Genetic diversity and structure of creole cattle (Bos taurus) from southern Peruvian Highlands
(2024-01-17) Figueroa Venegas, Deyanira Antonella; Saldaña, Carla L.; Corredor Arizapana, Flor Anita; Heredia Vilchez, Lizeth Amparo; Mamani Cato, Rubén Herberht; Gutierrez, Gustavo; Gomez Quispe, Oscar; Ciprian, Aldo; Murga Valderrama, Luis N.; Arbizu, Carlos I.
The creole cattle was originated after the introduction of cattle into America 5 centuries ago. Currently, the production traits of Peruvian creole cattle is scarcely known. An important characteristic of the creole cattle is its adaptability to different extreme environments. However, to date, molecular studies in Peruvian creole cattle are still scarce. Currently, due to the advances in molecular genetics, a new generation of molecular markers has been developed for the genetic characterization of livestock. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) have become a very popular tool for the genetic study of livestock populations. Genome-wide SNP chips were developed for multi-breed genetic studies in cattle.
Genetic diversity in creole pigs in south central Peru
(Springer, 2023-11-30) Luna, Rosa; Acuña Rodríguez, Wendy; Gutiérrez, Gustavo; Castro Muñoz, María del Rosario; Veli Rivera, Eudosio Amancio
The creole pigs represent 67% of the national population in Peru. They are a source of economic income in rural communities, and due to their rusticity, they are not much labor demanding. However, knowledge about its genetic diversity remains scarce. The objective of this study was to determine the population structure and genetic diversity of creole pigs from rural communities in south central Peru. Thirteen microsatellites were used to characterize 120 creole pigs from the departments of Ayacucho (57) and Apurimac (63). The samples were taken from hair follicles and ear tissue. Nine microsatellites were highly polymorphic and informative (PIC > 0.5) for both departments. The Ayacucho population had a mean number of alleles (MNA) and expected heterozygosity (HE) of 8.8 and 0.68, respectively, while in the Apurimac population, these were 8.9 and 0.71, respectively. Both populations showed in less than 50% of their loci a deviation from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. There was a moderate genetic structure according to the analysis of molecular variance and the FST statistics (0.06), which was corroborated by Bayesian methods. In conclusion, the genetic diversity was mostly due to the intrapopulation variance (91%). Some individuals from Ayacucho shared similar alleles with those from Apurimac. This latter result may be due to their geographic proximity and the introduction of the same new exotic breeds. This is the first research on the genetic diversity of creole pigs in south central Peru. In fact, this study could serve as a basis for conservation strategies and actions in this region.
Genetic structure of the population of Suri alpaca from Peru
(ResearchersLinks Ltd, 2023-11-01) Gallegos Acero, Roberto; Canaza Cayo, Ali William; Rodríguez Huanca, Francisco Halley; Mamani Cato, Rubén Herberht
The objective of the study was to evaluate the genetic structure of the Suri alpaca population, from the Quimsachata Research and Production Center of the Illpa-Puno Experimental Station of the National Institute of Agrarian Innovation, Peru. Data from 1350 Suri alpacas born from 1993 to 2015 (636 males and 714 females) were analyzed using the method of genealogical analysis method. ENDOG program v.4.8 was used for the calculation of the following parameters of the genetic structure such as: average inbreeding coefficient (F), average relatedness coefficient (AR), the effective numbers of founders (ƒe), effective number of ancestors (ƒa), generation interval (GI) and the pedigree completeness, the ENDOG program v.4.8 was used. The F and AR were 0.06% and 0.40%, respectively, the number of ancestors that gave rise to the reference population was 288, the ƒa for the reference population was 132. The ƒe was 338 animals. The average generational interval was 5.53 years, being higher in the gametic pathways: sire-daughter and sire-son. The pedigree completeness level by the maternal pathway was 72.07% and by the paternal pathway was 46.0%. In conclusion, the generational interval in Suri alpacas of the Germplasm Center was long. The F was of small magnitude, so mating practices were appropriate during the evaluation period.
Genetic structure of traditional cacao reveals four new genetic lineages in indigenous Amazonian sites in Peru
(Public Library of Science (PLOS), 2026-07-06) Motilal, Lambert A.; Calderon, Martha S.; Bustamante, Danilo E.; Gopaulchan, David; Tineo Flores, Daniel; Márquez Romero, Fanny R,; Lastra Paucar, Sphyros Roomel; Díaz Valderrama, Jorge R.; Guerrero Abad, Juan Carlos; Oliva, Manuel; Umaharan, Pathmanathan
Cacao genetic resources in Peru are largely uncharacterized. Knowledge of their genetic structure is needed for their conservation and use. Indigenous on-farm cacao trees (n = 390) from the Departments of Amazonas (n = 130), Ayacucho (n = 76), Cajamarca (n = 1), Cusco (n = 110), Madre de Dios (n = 10), Piura (n = 59), San Martín (n = 3) and Ucayali (n = 1) in Peru were fingerprinted with 192 single nucleotide polymorphic markers. Identity, group differentiation, phylogenetic, multivariate and ancestry analyses were conducted. Four new populations were identified guided by phylogenetic, accepted ancestral backgrounds of reference samples and least admixture among samples. The cacao from these eight Departments were variably mixed containing both pure members of new populations and admixed samples with these new populations and Amelonado, Contamana, Criollo, Curaray, Guiana, Iquitos, Marañon, Nacional, Nanay and Púrus. The findings of this study suggest that while the cacao germplasm is genetically related across different departments, each region harbors its own distinct genetic composition. The Clade IV (Chuncho 2) population was associated with the Contamana cluster and Clade I (Chuncho 1) was associated with Purus cluster. Clades II (Awajun) and III (Porcelana) were associated with the Nacional cluster. The ancestry of the economically desired CCN 51 cultivar was revealed to be better assigned as 15% Amelonado, 13% Criollo, 25% Iquitos and 45% Awajun. The results of this study will improve the understanding of the genetic landscape in Peru, enhance genebank collections in Peru and enable the differentiation of the fine flavour industry in Peru. The new groups of cacao identified in this study will help understand the genetic structuring of cacao and represent a valuable new resource to search for valuable traits for breeding and commercialization programmes in the fine flavour cacao industry in Peru.