Examinando por Materia "Ex-situ conservation"

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Collecting wild potato species (Solanum sect. Petota) in Peru to enhance genetic representation and fill gaps in ex situ collections
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2023-01-30) Sotomayor Melo, Diego Alejandro; Ellis, David; Salas, Alberto; Gomez, Rene; Sánchez Díaz, Rosa Angélica; Carrillo Castillo, Fredesvinda; Girón Aguilar, Rita Carolina; Quispe, Violeta; Manrique Carpintero, Norma C.; Anglin, Noelle L.; Zorrilla Cisneros, Cinthya
Crop wild relatives (CWRs) are important sources of novel genes, due to their high variability of response to biotic and abiotic stresses, which can be invaluable for crop genetic improvement programs. Recent studies have shown that CWRs are threatened by several factors, including changes in land-use and climate change. A large proportion of CWRs are underrepresented in genebanks, making it necessary to take action to ensure their long-term ex situ conservation. With this aim, 18 targeted collecting trips were conducted during 2017/2018 in the center of origin of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), targeting 17 diverse ecological regions of Peru. This was the first comprehensive wild potato collection in Peru in at least 20 years and encompassed most of the unique habitats of potato CWRs in the country. A total of 322 wild potato accessions were collected as seed, tubers, and whole plants for ex situ storage and conservation. They belonged to 36 wild potato species including one accession of S. ayacuchense that was not conserved previously in any genebank. Most accessions required regeneration in the greenhouse prior to long-term conservation as seed. The collected accessions help reduce genetic gaps in ex situ conserved germplasm and will allow further research questions on potato genetic improvement and conservation strategies to be addressed. These potato CWRs are available by request for research, training, and breeding purposes under the terms of the International Treaty for Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) from the Instituto Nacional de Innovacion Agraria (INIA) and the International Potato Center (CIP) in Lima-Peru.
Physicochemical soil characterisation and nutritional associations of Laccopetalum giganteum (Wedd) Ulbr. (Ranunculaceae) in its high-Andean habitat: a baseline for conservation
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2026-08-06) Quiñones Trejo, Robert Adrián; Aldava Pardave, Uriel; Ramírez Maguiña, Héctor Andrés; Yalli Huamani, Teodoro Bill; Solórzano Acosta, Richard Andi
Background: Laccopetalum giganteum (Wedd.) Ulbr. is an endemic species of the Peruvian Andes classified as Critically Endangered. Its conservation is constrained by limited knowledge of its soil requirements. This study aimed to characterise soil physicochemical properties in their natural habitat and evaluate their relationships with plant biometric and nutritional traits to support conservation strategies. Methods: A total of 24 soil–plant pairs were collected from high-Andean populations near Lake Pelagatos, Ancash, Peru (4,567 m a. s. l.). Soil variables (pH, electrical conductivity, texture, macronutrients, micronutrients, and carbonates) were evaluated as independent variables, while plant variables (biometry, dry matter, and mineral composition) were considered response variables using descriptive statistics, generalised linear models (GLM), and generalised linear mixed models (GLMM). Results: Soils were slightly alkaline (pH 7.73 ± 0.41), with moderate carbonate content (9.22 ± 4.76%), electrical conductivity of 17.8 ± 5.4 mS·m⁻¹, and predominantly sandy texture (73.5 ± 10.4%). Plant growth showed significant negative associations with exchangeable calcium (β = −0.12) and carbonates (β = −0.06). Positive associations were observed with zinc (β = 0.10), manganese (β = 0.29), and silt content (β = 0.12). Above-ground tissues contained 22.1 mg·kg⁻¹ Zn and 24.2 mg·kg⁻¹ Mn, with bioaccumulation factors of 5.8 and 43.2, respectively. Conclusions: L. giganteum shows low affinity for calcareous soils and persists in marginal environments through efficient micronutrient acquisition. These findings provide a quantitative basis for substrate selection in ex situ propagation (pH 6.2–6.8; CaCO3 < 2%; Zn and Mn supplementation) and for identifying priority microsites for in situ conservation