Examinando por Materia "Camelids"

Mostrando 1 - 5 de 5

Alterations in the gut microbial composition and diversity associated with diarrhea in neonatal Peruvian alpacas
(Elsevier, 2024-05-09) Zapata Coacalla, Celso; Estrada Cañari, Richard; Oros Butron, Oscar; Sánchez Herencia, Diana; Maicelo Quintana, Jorge L.; Arbizu Berrocal, Carlos I.; Coila Añasco, Pedro
Diarrhea in alpacas is a clinically significant condition and the primary cause of morbidity in neonatal Peruvian alpacas. This study aimed to correlate early diarrhea in crias of alpaca with changes in the microbiota community. A total of 19 alpacas (aged 1–2 months) were collected, including nine with a health condition and ten healthy ones. Fecal samples were obtained under sterile conditions and their DNA was extracted. Sequencing of the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was conducted in the Illumina platform, followed by bioinformatics analysis. Reduced microbial diversity was evident in alpacas afflicted with diarrhea, delineating contrasting microbial compositions in comparison to their healthy counterparts. The study characterized the predominant bacterial classes and phyla within the gut microbiota, with Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobiota, and Bacteroidota collectively constituting approximately 80% of the total bacterial population. Substantial disparities in these microbial compositions were observed between the two groups, a variance that appeared to be influenced by both age and the health status of the alpacas. The bacterial class Verrucomicrobiae exhibited a significant presence within the group of alpacas suffering from illness. Furthermore, specific pathogenic species such as Clostridium spiroforme, Blautia, and Bacteroides fragilis were detected in significantly higher proportions among the afflicted alpacas. The functional diversity across the two groups was also found to be markedly different, a distinction that is graphically represented in a heat map illustrating the fifty principal differential KEGGs. This study provides valuable insights into the role of gut microbiota in alpaca health and may have implications for veterinary care and management.
Demografía zootécnica aplicada a los camélidos sudamericanos domésticos
(Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria - INIA, 2024-07-10) Hick, Michel Victor Hubert; Prieto, Alejandro; Castillo, Maria Flavia; Flores Gutierrez, Alfonso; Mamani Cato, Rubén Herberht; Paredes Peralta, Marcia Marisol; Frank, Eduardo Narciso
Esta presentación tuvo como objetivo describir la metodología Estructura Poblacional y su aplicación en poblaciones de camélidos sudamericanos domésticos (llamas y alpacas), productores de fibra. Se presentan los resultados de relevamientos realizados en Argentina, Perú, Bolivia y Chile.
Intake and digestibility of four rations with different fiber levels in alpacas (Vicugna pacos)
(Springer, 2024-01-16) Obregón Cruz, Ana Belén; Gómez Bravo, Carlos Alfredo; Osorio Zavala, Cesar Mauro; Van Saun, Robert John
The aim of this study was to evaluated the effect of different dietary fiber levels on intake and apparent nutrient digestibility of nutrients in alpacas, and to estimate the digestibility of organic matter (OMD) from the content of crude protein (CP) in feces. The study was carried out with twelve alpacas (36.7 ± 6.4 kg BW), which were offered 4 treatments with different neutral detergent fiber content (NDF. T1: 40.3%; T2: 62.1%; T3: 67.8%; T4: 71.6%) under a switch back design. Dry matter intake (DMI) was higher for T1 (612 g/d) while T4 consumed less (470 g/d. p ≤ 0.05), when correcting DMI for body weight (BW) and metabolic weight (MW) was equal between treatments (p ≥ 005). NDF intake was similar between treatments when related to BW or MW (on average 1%BW and 23.2 g/kg BW0.75. p ≥ 0.05). Water intake (L/day) was higher in T1 compared to the other treatments, with values ranging from 1.8 L/day (T1) to 1.4 L/day (T4), respectively (p ≤ 0.05). Digestibility of dry matter, organic matter and crude protein was higher in T1 than in the other treatments, with average values ranging from 65% for T1 to 48% for T4 (p ≤ 0.05). NDF digestibility was similar among treatments (p ≥ 0.05). The regression equation generated to predict OM digestibility (y) was as follows: y = 0.07635-(-0.33866*exp (-(-0.51457)*Fecal CP(g/kg OM)/100)). Further studies will indicate whether faecal nitrogen can be used to estimate digestibility and hence diet quality in South American camelids.
Microsatellite-based genetic diversity and population structure of Huacaya alpacas (Vicugna pacos) in Southern Peru
(MDPI, 2023-05-05) Figueroa Venegas, Deyanira Antonella; Corredor Arizapana, Flor Anita; Mamani Cato, Ruben; Gallegos Acero, Roberto; Condori Rojas, Nicoll; Estrada Cañari, Richard; Heredia Vilchez, Lizeth Amparo; Salazar Coronal, Wilian; Quilcate Pairazamán, Carlos Enrique; Arbizu Berrocal, Carlos Irvin
The alpaca population mostly consists of the Huacaya phenotype and is widely distributed in Southern Peru. This study aimed to estimate the genetic diversity and population structure of two Huacaya alpaca populations (Ajoyani and Quimsachata) using fourteen and twelve microsatellite markers for each population, respectively. A total of 168 alpaca biological samples were outsourced to Peruvian laboratories for DNA extraction and genotyping. For genetic diversity, observed heterozygosity (Ho), expected heterozygosity (He), polymorphism information content (PIC), and fixation indices values were estimated. An admixture analysis was performed for the population structure analysis. Different programs were used for these estimations. In total, 133 (Ajoyani) and 129 (Quimsachata) alleles were found, with a range of 4 to 17 by locus. The mean HO, HE, and PIC per marker for Ajoyani were 0.764 ± 0.112, 0.771 ± 0.1, and 0.736; for Quimsachata, they were 0.783 ± 0.087, 0.773 ± 0.095, and 0.738, respectively. The population structure showed no structure with K = 2. This study provides useful indicators for the creation of appropriate alpaca conservation programs.
Twin reciprocal embryo transfer between alpacas and llamas
(Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria. Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2012-08-05) Huanca Mamani, Teodosio; Sumar, Julio; Naveros Flores, Mary Luz; Cárdenas Minaya, Oscar; Gonzáles Castillo, Mario Lino; Mamani Cato, Rubén Herberht
The aims of this study were therefore: 1) to study twin reciprocal embryo transfer pregnancy rates between alpacas and llamas; 2) the proposed hypothesis that the bigger and taller llama has a larger uterus and therefore a better chance of supporting twin fetuses, and 3) the greater the number of transferred embryos, the greater the luteal resistance to the luteolytic effects of PGF2α.