Examinando por Materia "Bioremediation"

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Bioprospecting and exploration of extremophilic enzymes in bioremediation of wastewater polluted
(CRC Press, 2024-04-12) Hualpa Cutipa, Edwin; Solórzano Acosta, Richard Andi; Alfaro Cancino, Milagros Estefani; Arquíñego Zárate, Fiorella Maité; Julca Santur, Nikol Gianella; Mayhua, María José; Castro Tena, Lucero Katherine
Water, covering three-quarters of the Earth, is crucial for life and ecosystems and is also essential in industrial processes. However, most aquatic environments are polluted due to the massive discharge of wastewater with high pollutant loads, which threatens ecosystem health. To mitigate this environmental impact, humans have tried various physical and chemical strategies, but increased wastewater and reagents have the disadvantage of generating more waste, making it an environmentally unsustainable problem. Governments are now focusing on integrating living organisms or biological treatments to reduce or mitigate pollutants in contaminated matrices. Microbial biodiversity is being studied through bioprospecting strategies and the search for new microorganisms capable of biodegrading pollutants. Extremophilic microbes, which have undergone evolutionary processes and exhibited adaptive traits, have the potential to transform harmful contaminants into beneficial resources and improve their tolerance mechanisms to complex pollutants. This chapter aims to provide updated information on sustainable wastewater bioremediation processes using extremophilic microorganisms and their enzymes, considering their properties, characteristics, stability, and biodegradation capacity. Genetic modifications and editions are also discussed to obtain biomolecules with greater versatility and efficacy
Biorremediación del suelo con acidez y metales pesados (As, Cd) en un ecosistema altoandino con influencia minera mediante biochar de estiércol de cuy y consorcios microbianos
(DEEV MINAS, 2026-04-24) Arias Arredondo, Alberto; Cruz Luis, Juancarlos Alejandro; López Rodríguez, Melina; Solórzano Acosta, Richard Andi
Los suelos de pastizales altoandinos en zonas con influencia minera (Pasco, Perú, 4125 m) presentan acidez y contaminación por arsénico (As: 5.77 mg kg⁻¹) y cadmio (Cd: 1.71 mg kg⁻¹), lo que genera riesgo de transferencia de metales a la cadena trófica ganadera. Evaluamos el efecto del biochar de estiércol de cuy inoculado con consorcios microbianos (Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas putida, Trichoderma sp.) sobre la inmovilización de As y Cd y la calidad nutricional de pastos nativos (Festuca dolichophylla, Carex sp.) y cultivados (Lolium perenne, Dactylis glomerata). Establecimos un experimento factorial 4×4 en bloques completos al azar (48 parcelas). Determinamos factores de bioconcentración (BCF) y calidad nutricional, analizando mediante GLM y PCA. Los resultados evidenciaron una interacción significativa especie×tratamiento. Destacó la reversión fenotípica de Festuca dolichophylla frente a As, que pasó de acumuladora (BCF>1) a exclusora efectiva (BCF<<0.01) bajo inoculación con Trichoderma sp. Asimismo, Trichoderma sp. y P. putida redujeron la translocación de Cd en Lolium perenne (BCF<<0.1), manteniendo niveles seguros para consumo animal. El uso sinérgico de biochar y consorcios microbianos mitigó la transferencia de metales y preservó la calidad nutricional del forraje.
Multiomics approaches on extremophiles and their application in the biological management of e-waste
(John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2023-12-23) Hualpa Cutipa, Edwin; Solórzano Acosta, Richard Andi; Landa Acuña, Daniela; Mendoza León, Janelle
The latest technological advances in the current era have allowed development in the different areas and disciplines of science, leading to a series of discoveries that enhance current scientific knowledge. These advances are largely due to the rapid evolution in the manufacture of increasingly sophisticated electronic devices. However, the consumption and disposal of electronic devices generate environmental pollution problems (e-waste) in different matrices of the ecosystem, linked to an accelerated demographic growth. A variety of techniques have been used to reduce the outcome of e-waste. Bioremediation is an environmental and eco-friendly strategy based on the use of the metabolic capabilities of organisms and microorganisms. For a better application of these environmental strategies, the application of molecular strategies is proposed under a multiomic approach, which involves the global and integrated study of the molecular components resulting from the interaction of organisms and microorganisms with waste products. Therefore, the aim of this chapter is to provide details on the microbes that degrade electronic waste (e-waste) and their study under a multiomic perspective (genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, and proteomics).
The impact of microbial colonization on cadmium adsorption by rice husk biochar: microorganism-dependent outcomes in bioretention systems
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2026-06-01) Curi Zavala, Carlos; Arroyo Julca, Michell Karolay; Flores Marquez, Ricardo; Calero Rios, Emilee Nahomi; García, Sady; Solórzano Acosta, Richard Andi
The use of microorganisms and biochar, individually, has been proposed as a promising strategy for the bioremediation of heavy metals in contaminated water bodies. However, the impact of their combined application, specifically through the immobilization of microorganisms on biochar, on the efficiency of cadmium (Cd) removal and the physicochemical properties of water has not yet been fully assessed, creating uncertainty regarding their effectiveness in decontamination processes. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of the physical adsorption capacity for cadmium on rice husk biochar following activation with strains of Trichoderma harzianum, Chlorella sp., and Pseudomonas sp. Methods: Vertical flow modules were constructed in a factorial design: bioretention systems (M0: biochar, M1: biochar + Chlorella sp., M2: biochar + Pseudomonas sp., M3: biochar + Trichoderma harzianum) × initial cadmium concentration (C1: 3 mg·L−1, C2: 6 mg·L−1, C3: 15 mg·L−1). After 24 h, the efficiency of Cd removal varied significantly according to the system and the initial concentration. Results: For water with [Cd] ≤ 6 mg·L−1, pure biochar (M0) exhibited the highest removal efficiency (99.17 ± 0.41% at 6 mg·L−1). For higher concentrations, M1 showed notably enhanced and stable performance, achieving a removal rate of 99.22 ± 1.06%, surpassing M0 (94.35 ± 6.29%) in stability and effectiveness at high loading. In contrast, M2 and M3 systems exhibited lower efficiencies (75.07 ± 12.73% and 77.79 ± 12.22%, respectively, at 15 mg·L−1). Discussion: The results indicate that the outcome of microbial colonization depends critically on the microorganism used. For M2 and M3, removal rates were inversely proportional to the initial Cd concentration, suggesting early saturation of active sites and/or possible ionic competition for nutrient residues. The scaling up of M1 using conventional fertilizers represents a technically and economically sustainable alternative. For M2 and M3, future works should evaluate the incorporation of post-colonization conditioning stages (e.g., washing, pH adjustment) to mitigate potential ionic competition and restore the adsorptive capacity of the biochar.