Examinando por Materia "Azospirillum brasilense"

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Advancing sustainable wheat production in the Andes through biofertilization with Azospirillum, Trichoderma, and fermented anchovy-based inputs under rainfed conditions
(MDPI, 2026-01-13) Villegas Carrasco, Edwin Raúl; Escobal Valencia, Fernando; Tejada Campos, Toribio Nolberto; Piña Díaz, Peter Chris; Cántaro Segura, Hector Baroni; Díaz Morales, Luis Alberto; Matsusaka Quiliano, Daniel Claudio
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) sustains global caloric intake, but its productivity in Andean highlands is constrained by soil fertility and input reliance. This study represents one of the first field-based evaluations of biofertilizers under high-altitude, rainfed Andean conditions, addressing a major knowledge gap in low-input mountain agroecosystems. This study evaluated three seed-applied biofertilizers—Azospirillum brasilense, Trichoderma viride (Trichomax), and an anchovy (Engraulis ringens) based liquid biofertilizer, compared with an untreated control and a soil-test mineral fertilization benchmark in rainfed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. INIA 405 in the central Andes of Peru. A 5 × 5 Latin square design (25 plots) was established under farmer-realistic conditions. At physiological maturity (Zadoks 9.5), plant height, spike length, grains per spike, thousand-grain weight, test weight, root dry mass, and grain yield were recorded. Mineral fertilization achieved the highest yield (1.20 ± 0.79 t ha⁻¹), nearly doubling the control (0.60 ± 0.47 t ha⁻¹). Notably, A. brasilense delivered an intermediate yield of 0.90 ± 0.64 t ha⁻¹, representing a 50% increase over the control—accompanied by a marked rise in root dry mass. T. viride and the anchovy-based input yielded 0.85 ± 0.59 and 0.81 ± 0.59 t ha⁻¹, respectively. Grain physical quality remained stable across treatments (thousand-grain weight ≈ 42 g; test weight 68–75 kg hL⁻¹). Trait responses were complementary: root dry mass increased with mineral fertilization and A. brasilense, whereas spike length increased with mineral fertilization and the anchovy-based input. Overall, the evidence supports biofertilizers, particularly A. brasilense, as effective complements that enable partial fertilizer substitution within integrated nutrient-management strategies for sustainable wheat production in Andean rainfed systems.
Co-inoculation with Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae and Azospirillum brasilense outperforms nitrogen fertilisation in terms of yield, crude protein content, and profitability of green pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultivation in the Peruvian Andes
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2026-08-20) Bellido Tenorio, Enrique; Alarcón Romani, Susan Milagros; Condori Ataupillco, Leivi Tatiana; Palomino-Espinoza, Claudio Carlos; Rengifo Sanchez, Raihil Rabindranath; Erazo Huarache, José Manuel; García Blásquez, Cayo; Solórzano Acosta, Richard Andi
Green pea (Pisum sativum L.) is a key crop for food security in communities of the Peruvian Andes; however, its productivity is constrained by low soil fertility and the high cost of nitrogen fertilisers. In this context, the effects of co-inoculation with Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae (strain Ar-014) and Azospirillum brasilense (strain Az-007) on crop yield, crude protein content, and economic profitability were evaluated in comparison with conventional nitrogen fertilisation. The study was conducted at the Canaan Agrarian Experimental Station (Ayacucho, Peru; 2,750 m.a.s.l.) using a randomised complete block design with five treatments and four replicates: T01 (Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae inoculation), T02 (Azospirillum brasilense inoculation), T03 (co-inoculation), T04 (mineral-N comparator, 82.5 kg N ha⁻¹), and T05 (uninoculated and unfertilised control). The results showed that T03 (co-inoculation) significantly outperformed nitrogen fertilisation (T04) (p < 0.01), achieving higher green pod yield (6.73 vs 5.63 t ha⁻¹), crude protein content (24.28 vs 23.67%), and economic profitability (262.75 vs 176.78%). Furthermore, T03 recorded the highest values for root length (21.73 cm), number of nodules per plant (20.27), and number of seeds per pod (6.07). Individual inoculation treatments (T01 and T02) also improved specific agronomic traits, such as aboveground biomass and number of pods per plant, respectively, although neither surpassed the performance of the co-inoculation treatment (T03). The Relative Yield Index (RYI_N) in the inoculated treatments was 16.85–19.49% higher than that observed under nitrogen fertilization. Overall, these results indicate that co-inoculation with R. leguminosarum b. viciae and A. brasilense (T03) represents a promising alternative to conventional nitrogen fertilization for green pea production under the evaluated high-Andean conditions, improving agronomic performance and economic profitability.
Microbial synergy between Azospirillum brasilense and Glomus iranicum promotes root biomass and grain yield in Andean quinoa cultivars
(MDPI, 2026-01-13) Gutierrez, Miriam; Quispe Medina, Eugenia Rocio; García Blásquez Morote, Cayo; Quispe Tenorio, José Antonio; Cántaro Segura, Héctor Baroni; Díaz Morales, Luis Alberto; Marsusaka Quiliano, Daniel Claudio
Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a strategic crop for climate-smart agriculture in the Andes, yet yield gains are constrained by soil degradation and low-input systems. We tested whether synergistic bioinoculation with a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium (Azospirillum brasilense) and an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (Glomus iranicum var. tenuihypharum) enhances root function and grain productivity under field conditions. A split-plot RCBD was conducted in Ayacucho, Peru (2735 m a.s.l.) using four cultivars, Blanca de Junín (BJ), INIA 441 Señor del Huerto (SH), INIA 415 Pasankalla (RP) and INIA 420 Negra Collana (NC) and four treatments: uninoculated control, Azospirillum, Glomus and co-inoculation. Vegetative, root and yield traits were quantified; ANOVA, Tukey/Dunnett contrasts, correlations and PCA were applied. Co-inoculation consistently outperformed single inoculants, increasing root diameter, length, branching, dry weight and volume dry weight, while also enlarging panicle dimensions and raising grain weight per panicle and thousand-seed weight. Grain yield reached 4.94 ± 0.59 t ha⁻¹ under co-inoculation, almost triple that of the control (1.71 ± 0.28 t ha⁻¹) and about 1.5 times higher than single inoculations. Genotypic effects were pronounced; BJ and SH combined superior root biomass with higher yield, RP maximized grain size and hectoliter weight, whereas NC responded weakly. Significant genotype × treatment interactions indicated cultivar-dependent microbiome benefits. Correlation and PCA linked root biomass and stem/panicle architecture to yield formation, positioning co-inoculation along trait vectors associated with belowground vigor and productivity. These results demonstrate a robust microbial synergy that translates root gains into yield, supporting co-inoculation as a scalable, low-input strategy for sustainable intensification of quinoa in highland agroecosystems.