Examinando por Materia "Antioxidants"

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Diversity of the peruvian andean maize (zea mays L.) race Cabanita: Polyphenols, carotenoids, in vitro antioxidant capacity, and physical characteristics
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2022-09-29) Fuentes Cardenas, Iraida Sara; Cuba Puma, Rody; Marcilla Truyenque, Shaneri; Begazo Gutiérrez, Huber Juan; Zolla, Gastón; Fuentealba, Claudia; Shetty, Kalidas; Gálvez Ranilla, Lena
The high diversity of the Peruvian Andean maize (Zea mays L.) represents a biological and genetic heritage relevant for food security, but few studies are targeted toward its characterization and consequent valorization and preservation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of the Peruvian Andean maize race Cabanita with respect to its bioactive profiles (free and bound phenolic and carotenoid composition), physical characteristics, and in vitro antioxidant properties. Maize landraces with variable kernel pigmentation were collected from two provinces (Caylloma and Castilla) within the Arequipa region (among ten Andean sites) and the phytochemical profile was evaluated by Ultra High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with diode array detector (UHPLC-DAD). All maize samples were important sources of phenolic compounds mainly soluble p-coumaric and ferulic acid derivatives whereas anthocyanins were only detected in maize with partially red pigmented kernels. Major phenolic compounds in the bound phenolic fractions were ferulic acid and its derivatives along with p-coumaric acid. Carotenoid compounds including xanthophylls such as lutein, lutein isomers, and zeaxanthin were only detected in orange and white-yellow pigmented maize and are reported for the first time in Peruvian landraces. The multivariate analysis using Principal Components Analysis (PCA) revealed low variability of all data which may indicate a level of similarity among maize samples based on evaluated variables. However, maize grown in Caylloma province showed more homogeneous physical characteristics and higher yield, whereas higher phenolic contents and antioxidant capacity were observed in maize from Castilla. Samples CAY (yellow-pigmented kernel, Castilla) and COM (orange-pigmented kernel, Caylloma) had the highest total phenolic (246.7 mg/100 g dried weight basis, DW) and carotenoid (1.95 μg/g DW) contents among all samples. The variable Andean environmental conditions along with differences in farming practices may play a role and should be confirmed with further studies. Current results provide the metabolomic basis for future research using integrated omics platforms targeted toward the complete characterization of the ethnic-relevant maize race Cabanita.
Phenolic compounds and in vitro antioxidant activity of six accessions of mashua (Tropaeolum tuberosum R. & P.) from Puno Region, Peru
(Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 2021-09-01) Behar, Haim; Reategui, Oscar; Liviac, Danae; Arcos Pineda, Jesús; Best, Ivan
Mashua (Tropaeolum tuberosum R. & P.) es un cultivo andino de alto valor nutricional y propiedades medicinales, que presenta una gran diversidad en morfología y color. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el contenido de compuestos fenólicos y la actividad antioxidante in vitro de las accesiones de mashua de mayor importancia económica en la Región Puno, Perú. Se evaluaron seis accesiones de mashua (tres de color púrpura y tres de color amarillo). El contenido de polifenoles totales, flavonoides totales e identificación de compuestos fenólicos se determinó mediante el ensayo de Folin-Ciocalteu, método colorimétrico de cloruro de aluminio y HPLC-DAD, respectivamente. La actividad antioxidante in vitro se evaluó mediante los ensayos FRAP y DPPH. En general, la mashuas de color púrpura presentaron un contenido significativamente mayor de polifenoles totales, flavonoides totales, y actividad antioxidante in vitro en comparación con las mashua de color amarillo; siendo la accesión Tt-23 de color púrpura (piel/pulpa, púrpura/púrpura), la que presentó un contenido significativamente mayor de compuestos fenólicos y actividad antioxidante in vitro en comparación con las otras accesiones evaluadas (P<0,05). Asimismo, se observó una correlación significativa entre las actividades de FRAP y DPPH con el contenido de polifenoles y flavonoides totales (P<0,01), así como entre la actividad de FRAP y los niveles de ácido cafeico y rutina (P<0,05). Estos resultados sugieren que las mashua de color púrpura, particularmente la accesión Tt-23 (piel/pulpa, púrpura/ púrpura), presenta mejores propiedades nutracéuticas y antioxidantes debido a su mayor contenido de compuestos fenólicos.
Study of the physicochemical characteristics, antimicrobial activity, and in vitro multiplication of wild blackberry species from the Peruvian highlands
(Nature Publishing Group, 2024-02-16) Lapiz Culqui, Yoiner K.; Meléndez Mori, Jegnes Benjamín; Tejada Alvarado, José Jesús; Cortez, Denny
The Peruvian Andes are the natural habitat of several wild blackberry species that are little known and exploited due to the lack of technological and scientific development to support their agricultural potential. In this context, a study was conducted to understand the physicochemical composition, bioactive compounds, antimicrobial activity, and in vitro multiplication of four wild blackberry (Rubus sp.) species from the northern Peruvian highlands. The results indicate that fruits of R. floribundus presented the highest content of total soluble solids (9.58 ± 1.83°Brix) and titratable acidity (1.88 ± 0.07% citric acid). The fruits of R. weberbaueri recorded the highest total phenolic content (415.06 ± 8.69 mg GAE/100 g Ff). The antioxidant capacity determined by the DPPH assay varied significantly among species, with the highest value found in fruits of R. andicola (50.27 ± 0.11 mg TE/100 g Ff). The fruit extracts of R. weberbaueri and R. andicola showed better antimicrobial activity, with Staphylococcus aureus being the most sensitive bacterium. In the in vitro multiplication phase, the results show that BAP (6-Benzylaminopurine) has a significant effect at a dose of 1.5 mg l−1 on shoot number, leaf number, and shoot length. The results may help in the management of genetic resources.