Examinando por Materia "Análisis de conglomerados"

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Phenotypic diversity indices and multivariate analysis of Peruvian common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) germplasm
(Agricultural Research Communication Centre (ARCC Journals), 2026-08-11) Chihuan Palomino, Evelin Analy; Almidon Ramirez, Karen Karina; Rojas Meza, María Elena; Terán Rojas, José Alfonso; Lobato Galvez, Roiser Honorio; Aybar Peve, Leandro; Valderrama Romero, Antonio; Camargo Cobeñas, Marcos Antonio
Background: Phaseolus vulgaris L. is a globally important legume due to its nutritional value and its contribution to food security and agricultural sustainability. Although Peruvian germplasm exhibits high phenotypic variability, information regarding accessions from the INIA Germplasm Bank remains limited. This study characterized the phenotypic diversity of 66 accessions using diversity indices and multivariate analyses under coastal Peruvian conditions. Methods: A total of 35 agro-morphological traits (18 qualitative and 17 quantitative) were evaluated using CIAT descriptors. Diversity was assessed using Shannon and Pielou evenness indices, as well as multivariate analyses including hierarchical clustering based on Gower distance, FAMD, PCA and MCA. Result: High phenotypic variability was observed, resulting in four distinct clusters. FAMD showed that hundred-seed weight, leaf width and length and primary seed color were the main contributors to total variance. PCA revealed a positive correlation between seed weight and leaf traits, whereas the number of pods per plant and seeds per pod showed a negative association with these variables. MCA and diversity indices highlighted seed color, growth habit and standard petal pigmentation as key discriminating traits. Cluster II exhibited the highest dispersion and phenotypic diversity, whereas Cluster IV showed higher yield-related components, demonstrating the potential of these accessions for use in breeding programs and genetic resource conservation.
Sustainability of coffee farms: Case study of the cooperativa agraria cafetalera La Prosperidad de Chirinos
(Universe Scientific Publishing, 2025-12-29) Fernández Zarate, Franklin Hitler; Goñas Goñas, Malluri; Oblitas Juarez, Jhon; Fernandez Jibaja, Jorge Antonio; Gomez Fernandez, Darwin; García Chimbo, Nilter; Montalvan, Michael; Quiñonez Huatangari, Lenin; Acosta Jacinto, Rubén Eusebio; Ríos Julcapoma, Milton; Guardia, Guillermo; Sanz Cobeña, Alberto
Ignorance of the sustainability of coffee systems compromises the continuity of productive activities by weakening their economic viability, environmental integrity and social cohesion over time, which is why it is essential to carry out diagnoses. This study aimed to assess the sustainability level of coffee farms associated with the Cooperativa Agraria Cafetalera La Prosperidad de Chirinos. From January to March 2024, data were collected from 60 farms out of a population of 788. The analysis was based on nine criteria: six environmental (soil quality, crop health, solid waste and effluent management, integrated pest and disease management, ecological knowledge, and agricultural system), two economic (agricultural economy and food sovereignty), and one social (social aspects). To identify groups of farmers with homogeneous characteristics, a cluster analysis was performed and the level of sustainability of each group was determined by calculating overall averages, represented through Amoeba charts. Results identified two farm types farms in group 1 showed less sustainability than group 2, mainly due to unfavorable conditions related to soil quality. Consequently, it is recommended to implement cover crops, live barriers, infiltration ditches, contour planting, and productive diversification for food security are recommended. This study provides a scientific diagnosis of sustainability levels on coffee farms and offers practical options for improving sustainability.