Examinando por Materia "Agricultural sustainability"

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Characterization of goat production systems in the Amazonian dry tropical forest of Peru through multivariate analysis
(Frontiers, 2025-10-21) Rodríguez Vargas, Aníbal Raúl; Tafur Gutiérrez, Lucinda; Sessarego Davila, Emmanuel Alexander; Alva Tafur, Gudelio; Castañeda Palomino, Katherine Milagros; Haro Reyes, José Antonio; Ruiz Chamorro, José Antonio; Barrantes Campos, Cecilio; Cruz Luis, Juancarlos Alejandro
The study aimed to characterize goat production systems in the tropical dry forest of Peru through multivariate analysis of 25 socioeconomic and productive variables in 60 producers from Bagua Grande, El Milagro, Cajaruro, and Cumba. Descriptive analysis, multidimensional scaling (stress = 0.03272), categorical principal component analysis (CATPCA), and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) were applied. A predominance of extensive management (98.3%), with low technical assistance (81.7%), absence of irrigation (90%), and visual selection of animals (100%) was identified. Marketing responds to immediate economic needs (36.7%), while vaccination coverage is poor (88.3% not vaccinated). CATPCA explained 54.5% of the variance (Cronbach's alpha = 0.965), highlighting producer education, infrastructure, and access to water and energy as key factors for improving production efficiency and mitigating commercial seasonality. HCA identified two goat production systems: the improved extensive system (EES) and the traditional extensive system (TES). The EES grouped older and more experienced producers, with larger herds, higher sales weights, greater specialization, forage diversification, better infrastructure, and higher deworming frequency. In contrast, the TES included younger producers with smaller herds, lower sales weights, lower educational levels, agricultural dependence, less forage diversity, limited infrastructure, and limited sanitary measures. These differences highlight the impact of knowledge and technological development on productive sustainability. It is concluded that technological development, access to resources, and production experience are key to improving the efficiency and sustainability of goat systems in the tropical dry forests of Peru.
Sustainable rice–fish farming systems: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
(John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2025-06-12) Fernández Zatrate, Franklin Hitler; Pérez Delgado, Luis Jhoseph; Coronel Bustamante, David; Huanca Silva, Leisy; Taboada Mitma, Víctor Hugo; Quispe Carhuapoma, Mariela Judith; Oliva Alvarez, Yashira Steffani; Ramirez Antaurco, Maximo Fabricio; Anchayhua Torres, Janella Jelyn; Huaccha Castillo, Annick Estefany; Seminario Cunya, Alejandro; Tineo Flores, Daniel; Gomez Fernandez, Darwin; Goñas Goñas, Malluri; Cruz Luis, Juancarlos Alejandro
The rice–fish farming system is an efficient ecological model with economic, ecological, and social benefits, reduces environmental impacts and optimizes the use of resources. The objective of the research was to explore and analyze scientific publications through a systematic review and meta-analysis related to rice–fish intercropping. A review of publications hosted in the Scopus and PubMed database from January 2000 to April 2025 was conducted. Research articles were selected, excluding review articles, com-mentaries, book chapters, and letters, and only documents published in English were analyzed. The analysis shows that the countries with the highest number of publications were China and Bangladesh, with a proportion of 48% and 24% respectively, followed by Thailand with 10% and Pakistan, Indonesia, Malaysia, and India with 5% each. The fish species used in rice–fish systems were reported to be Cyprinus carpio (37%), Oreochromis niloticus (29%), Barbonymus gonionotus, Micropterus salmoides and Pelteobagrus fulvidraco (8%), Amblypharyngodon mola (5%), and Labeo rohita and Monopterus albus (3%). On average, fish settle in the rice–fish system 27 days after rice planting, with a density of 13,390 fish/ha. Between rice planting and harvesting 132 days pass, obtaining an average yield of 4397 kg of rice/ha and 1383 kg of fish/ha. It is recommended to prioritize integrated research on unstudied fish species, optimal densities, fertilization, culture models, and emerging technologies in rice–fish systems, considering regional variations to improve sustainability, productivity, and food security at a global level.