Examinando por Autor "Quilcate Pairazaman, Carlos Enrique"

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Co-infection with bovine herpesvirus type 1 and bovine leukemia virus in dairy cattle in Cajamarca, Peru: A seroprevalence study
(College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mosul, 2026-01-01) Bazán Arce, José Luis; Caruajulca, V.; Mendo, M.; Coronado, J.; Ramos, J.; Tayca Saldaña, Antony; Alvarez Garcia, Wuesley Yusmein; Quilcate Pairazaman, Carlos Enrique; Chavez, J.; Alvarado, W.; Cueva Rodríguez, Medali
Bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BoHV-1) and bovine leukemia virus (BLV) are among the most important pathogens affecting dairy cattle, causing significant economic losses worldwide. The present study determined the seroprevalence of IBR (Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis) and BLV in dairy herds in Cajamarca, Peru. A total of 464 animals were sampled, and the presence of antibodies against BoHV1 and BLV was determined using commercial indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (I-ELISA) kits. Among the sampled animals, the overall seroprevalence was 8.84% (95% CI: 0.5–35.12) for BoHV1 and 7.54% (95% CI: 5.13–9.95) for BLV. The highest BLV seroprevalence was observed in Cajamarca (23.68%), while no positive cases were detected in four provinces. Regarding BoHV1 seroprevalence, it was highest in Cajamarca (26.32%) and Santa Cruz (28.13%), with no cases detected in five of the ten provinces evaluated. This indicates that seroprevalence rates varied among the different provinces studied.. Furthermore, 3.66% (95% CI: 1.95-5.38) of the animals tested positive for both BoHV1 and BLV, indicating that they were infected with both viruses simultaneously. The study found that BoHV1 and BLV infections are widespread in numerous provinces of the Cajamarca region, making it necessary to undertake control programmes to prevent the further spread of those two viruses in bovine
Draft genome sequence and SSR data mining of “pumpo” (Bos taurus), a top bull from a peruvian genetic nucleus
(MDPI, 2024-06-18) Estrada Cañari, Richard; Romero Avila, Yolanda; Figueroa Venegas, Deyanira Antonella; Quilcate Pairazaman, Carlos Enrique; Casanova Nuñez Melgar, David Pavel; Vásquez Pérez, Hector Vladimir; Alvarado Chuqui, Wigoberto; Maicelo Quintana, Jorge Luis; Arbizu Berrocal, Carlos Irvin
Pumpo is a Simmental breed and an essential livestock resource in the nucleus genetic cattle of Peru. This study provides a draft genome sequence of a top bull using a de novo assembly approach on the Illumina Novaseq X platform, yielding 208 GB of raw sequencing data with 150 bp paired‐end reads. The final genome assembly resulted in a size of 2.06 Gb with an N50 contig length of 108 Mb and a completeness of 95.7% according to BUSCO analysis. A total of 973,925 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were identified, with a predominance of mononucleotide repeats. The genome showed low heterozygosity (0.568%) and moderate repeatability (11.5%), aligning with other Bos taurus genomes. Reference‐guided scaffolding improved the assembly quality significantly, producing an N50 scaffold value of 108 Mb. The SSR analysis of the Pumpo genome identified 973,925 SSRs with a frequency of 2,808 SSRs per kilobase, predominantly mononucleotide repeats, and 85,453 found in compound formations. Obtaining knowledge of the genome of a breeding Simmental bull is essential to optimize breeding programs and improve productivity.
Effect of protein source and breed on embryo production in donor cows at a high-value genetic centre in Peru
(Unique Scientific Publishers, 2025-04-23) León Trinidad, Silvia Eliana; Dipaz Berrocal, Deisy Juana; Mamani, Rolando; Ramírez, Juan; Muñoz Vilchez, Yudith Yohany; Burga Toledo, Henry; Quilcate Pairazaman, Carlos Enrique; Alvarez García, Wuesley Yusmein
Two sources of concentrated animal protein at 50 and 60% of the diet of high genetic value cows were evaluated on embryo production in donor cows. Twenty Braunvieh (BU), Brahman (BR), Simmental (SM), Gir (G) and Girolando (GIHO) cows were evaluated for seven months. The SM breed achieved a higher number of corpora lutea, similar to Brahman cows, but no difference was shown between the two protein rations. It was determined that using both protein sources decreases production costs per feeding, with the same results in embryo production. This study emphasizes the great importance of adequate protein nutrition in embryo transfer programs to maximize reproductive efficiency and embryo viability, taking into account the welfare of the animals subjected to these reproductive evaluations, in order to improve productivity in a center for the production and reproduction of material or germplasm of high genetic value.
Effects of Diet and Altitude on the Microbiota of the First Compartment of the Stomach in Peruvian Alpacas in Highland Puna Regions and Their Correlations with Blood Parameters
(MDPI, 2026-01-08) Flores Huarco, Nils H.; Estrada Cañari, Richard; Romero Avila, Yolanda Madelein; Coila, Pedro; Sanchez, Diana; Maicelo, Jorge L.; Alvarado, Wigoberto C.; Quilcate Pairazaman, Carlos Enrique; Aliaga, Mery; Galindo, Walter; Saavedra Ramírez, Jorge; Apaza, Henry; Arbizu, Carlos I.
This study explores the intestinal microbiota of eight 18-month-old male alpacas from two distinct high-altitude regions in Peru: the Wet Puna (4200 m above sea level) and the Dry Puna (4900 m above sea level). Using 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA metabarcoding, microbial communities of bacteria, archaea, fungi, and protists were analyzed from the first compartment of the stomach (C1) to investigate the diversity, taxonomic composition, and correlations with hematological parameters. Significant differences in microbial diversity and composition were observed between regions, driven by dietary and environmental factors. The Wet Puna exhibited greater alpha diversity in bacterial and fungal communities, while beta diversity highlighted distinct microbial compositions. Key taxa, such as Prevotella ruminicola and Acetitomaculum, were associated with energy metabolism and host adaptation, whereas methanogenic archaea (Methanobrevibacter, Methanosphaera) dominated in the Dry Puna, reflecting adaptations to arid conditions. Correlations between microbial taxa and hematological variables, such as Acetitomaculum with red blood cell count and Eremoplastron with neutrophil percentage, emphasize the complex interplay between microbiota and host physiology. These findings contribute to understanding microbial adaptations in high-altitude livestock and provide practical insights for enhancing alpaca management and conservation strategies through tailored nutritional approaches and sustainable grazing practices.
First characterization of somatic proteins of trematodes of the family Paramphistomidae by SDS-PAGE isolated from cattle from the Cajamarca region, Peru.
(Research Square, 2024-12-02) Fernandez Mendoza, Charito Jennyfer; Tayca Saldaña, Antony; Cueva Rodriguez, Medali; Aliaga Tambo, Hector Fernando; Hoban Vergara, Cristian; Rodriguez Ulloa, Claudia; Alvarez Garcia, Wuesley Yuesmein; Quilcate Pairazaman, Carlos Enrique; Cabrera Gonzalez, Marco Antonio
Paramphistomosis is a gastrointestinal parasitic disease with high prevalence in tropical and subtropical areas. This study characterized somatic proteins of adult trematodes of the Paramphistomidae family by SDS-PAGE. 630 adult parasites were collected from the rumen and reticulum of slaughtered cattle in Cajamarca, Peru. 21 protein bands with molecular weights ranging from 15 kDa to 119 kDa were identified. These findings may contribute to alternative control programs, including the development of vaccines and selection of appropriate drugs.
Genomic analysis for cattle breeding improvement, progress and future perspectives in Peru: a review
(Taylor & Francis Group, 2025-08-31) Figueroa Venegas, Deyanira antonella; Romero Avila, Yolanda Madelein; Heredia Vilchez, Lizeth A.; Poemape Tuesta, Carlos Augusto; Alvarado, Wigoberto; Quilcate Pairazaman, Carlos Enrique
Genomics offers a promising solution by enabling precise cattle selection and breedingto boost productivity and sustainability. In Peru, livestock plays a crucial role in theeconomy and food security. Despite its importance, the sector faces significantchallenges, including poor pasture quality, limited conservation practices, a shortage oftrained professionals, minimal use of genomic tools, and an incomplete understandingof the genetic potential of both native and introduced breeds. Since the 1940s, Peruhas advanced in genetic improvement through artificial insemination, improved semenpreservation, the establishment of a National Semen Bank, and the introduction of newbreeds. Key developments have included embryo transfer, in vitro fertilization, andpioneering cloning efforts. Future perspectives for livestock genomics in Peru involveexpanding bioinformatics capacity, improving genomic infrastructure, and integratinggenomic selection into national breeding strategies. This review discusses the history,current status, challenges, and future perspectives of livestock genomics in Peru.
Genomic characterization of Escherichia coli isolates from alpaca crias (Vicugna pacos) in the peruvian highlands: insights into functional diversity and pathogenicity
(MDPI, 2025-06-30) Zapata, Celso; Rodriguez Perez, Lila Maciel; Romero Avila, Yolanda Madedein; Coila, Pedro; Hañari Quispe, Renán Dilton; Oros, Oscar; Zanabria, Víctor; Quilcate Pairazaman, Carlos Enrique; Rojas Cruz, Diórman; Cruz Luis, Juancarlos Alejandro; Ortiz Morera, Narda Cecilia; Estrada Cañari, Richard
Diarrhea in alpaca crias significantly impacts livestock health in high-altitude regions, with Escherichia coli as a common pathogen. This study analyzed 10 E. coli isolates from diarrheic and healthy alpacas using whole-genome sequencing to assess genetic diversity, virulence factors, and antibiotic resistance. Predominant sequence types (ST73, ST29), serotypes (O22:H1, O109:H11), and phylogroups (B2, B1, A) were identified. Virulence profiling revealed ExPEC-like and EPEC pathotypes, while resistance genes for β-lactams (blaEC-15), fosfomycin (glpT_E448K), and colistin (pmrB) were prevalent. These findings highlight the need for genomic surveillance and antimicrobial stewardship to manage E. coli infections in alpacas and reduce public health risks.
Season and breed effect in fresh semen parameters at a bull semen production center in Peru
(Unique Scientific Publishers, 2024-07-14) Dipaz Berrocal, Deysi; León Trinidad, Silvia Eliana; Figueroa Venegas, Deyanira Antonella; Mamani Chullo, Rolando; Ramirez Hernandez, Juan; Alvarez García, Wuesley Yusmein; Estrada Cañari, Richard; Quilcate Pairazaman, Carlos Enrique
In the present study, the effect of breed, season, and their interaction on semen volume, sperm concentration, and motility was tested. Nine bulls were tested: three Braunvieh, three Simmental (B. taurus), and three Gyr (B. indicus). These bulls were managed equally in a cold semi-arid climate, divided into hot (from November to April) and cold (from May to October) for maximum and minimum temperature and relative humidity. Semen was collected twice a week for 24 consecutive months. MANOVA by ranks was used to determine significant effects; breed had a significant effect (P<0.001) on semen parameters, and seasonal variations were not significant (P>0.05). However, there was a significant effect (P<0.001) for the interaction between breed and season. To evaluate differences between breeds, we performed Tukey's post-hoc test; all pairwise comparisons (Braunvieh-Gyr, Braunvieh-Simmental and Gyr-Simmental) showed significant differences (P<0.001). Nonparametric one-way analysis showed significantly higher B. taurus breeds’ sperm concentration and B. indicus breed’s semen volume. For interaction between breed and season, Gyr reported higher sperm volume than B. taurus breeds in both seasons (P>0.05), but B. taurus breeds had higher sperm concentration in the cold season. The findings will help management make better decisions in semen collection, especially during peak season.
Sustainability of Lolium multiflorum L. ‘cajamarquino ecotype’, associated with Trifolium repens L., at three cutting frequencies in the Northern Highlands of Peru
(MDPI, 2024-08-13) Vallejos Cacho, Romy; Vallejos Fernández, Luis Asunción; Alvarez García, Wuesley Yusmein; Tapia Acosta, Eduardo Alberto; Saldanha Odriozola, Sylvia; Quilcate Pairazaman, Carlos Enrique
Livestock farming feed in the northern highlands of Peru is based on the association of ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) ecotype cajamarquino–white clover (Trifolium repens L.) Ladino variety, which constantly varies in its agronomic characteristics and nutritional value due to management considerations and its association with the soil and the animal. The objective of this study was to evaluate yield, plant height, growth rate, tillering, tiller number, spikelets, basal diameter in ryegrass, elongation rate, internode length and decline points in clover over one year. Nutritive value was represented by crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), in vitro digestibility of dry matter (IVDDM) and metabolisable energy (ME) at three cutting frequencies (30, 45 and 60 days). Better yield (5588 kg DM ha) and plant height (47.1 cm) were shown by the 60-day cutting frequency; however, there was no difference (p > 0.05) between the three cutting frequencies in annual yield. There were no differences between the number of tillers and basal diameter. Clover height, elongation rate and internode length were higher at 60 days. The highest CP concentration and the lowest NDF value (p < 0.05) were achieved by clover at 30 and 45 days. Producers should consider the results when deciding when to use this association in dairy cattle feeding.