Examinando por Autor "Mendoza Merino, Jani Elisabet"

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Global perspectives on the biodegradation of LDPE in agricultural systems
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2025-01-06) Mendoza Merino, Jani Elisabet; Tineo Flores, Daniel; Chuquibala Checan, Beimer; Atalaya Marin, Nilton; Taboada Mitma, Victor Hugo; Tafur Culqui, Josué; Tarrillo Julca, Ever; Gómez Fernández, Darwin; Goñas Goñas, Malluri; Reyes Reyes, María Andrea
The increasing use of plastics globally has generated serious environmental and human health problems, particularly in the agricultural sector where low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and other plastics are widely used. Due to its low recycling rate and slow degradation process, LDPE is a major source of pollution. This paper addresses the problem of plastic accumulation in agriculture, focusing on LDPE biodegradation strategies. The studies reviewed include recent data and the methodologies used include state-of-the-art technologies and others that have been used for decades, to monitor and measure the degree of biodegradation that each treatment applied can have, including SEM, GCMS, HPLC, and microscopy. The countries investigating these biodegradation methodologies are identified, and while some countries have been developing them for some years, others have only begun to address this problem in recent years. The use of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, algae, and insect larvae that influence its decomposition is highlighted. A workflow is proposed to carry out this type of research. Despite the advances, challenges remain, such as optimizing environmental conditions to accelerate the process and the need for further research that delves into microbial interactions in various environmental contexts.
Occurrence, sources, and ecological risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in rice field soils of northwestern Peru
(Elsevier B.V., 2026-02-04) Culqui Gaslac, Cristian; Tineo Flores, Daniel; Fernandez Jibaja, Jorge Antonio; Alvarez Robledo, Yeltsin Abel; Garcia Frias, Larry Dustin; Mendoza Merino, Jani Elisabet; Taboada Mitma, Víctor Hugo; Cruz Luis, Juancarlos Alejandro; Rojas Briceño, Nilton B.; García, Ligia; Zirena Vilca, Franz; Goñas Goñas, Malluri
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are organic contaminants that pose significant risks to human health and ecosystems. This study investigated the occurrence, sources, and ecological risks of PAHs in rice paddy soils from northwestern Peru. Ninety-seven soil samples were collected at a depth of 30 cm across three altitudinal zones, four phenological stages, and two agronomic management practices. Quantification was performed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection (UHPLC-FLD). Source apportionment was conducted through rotated principal component analysis combined with multiple linear regression. Ecological risk was assessed using organic carbon normalization and the mean effects range-median quotient (M-ERM-Q) method, while carcinogenic potential was estimated using the toxic equivalent factor (TEQCARC). Total PAHs ranged from 22.02 to 130.55 ng g⁻¹ (mean: 55.26 ng g⁻¹); LMW PAHs averaged 37.38 ng g⁻¹, exceeding HMW PAHs (17.88 ng g⁻¹). No significant differences were observed among altitudinal zones, phenological stages or agronomic practices (p > 0.05). The predominant sources of PAHs were attributed to vehicular emissions (52.3%), petroleum and biomass combustion (42.1%), and coal combustion (5.4%). Ecological risk assessment revealed low contamination levels below established safety thresholds (CEC <290 μg g⁻¹), consistent with the carcinogenic risk estimated through TEQCARC (0.0083 to 18.7483 ng BaPeq g⁻¹). This study provides the first comprehensive evaluation of PAHs contamination in rice paddy soils in Peru and underscores the influence of altitude and agricultural practices, emphasizing the need for further research on pollution sources, impacts on crop productivity, and potential risks to human health.
The Germination and Subsequent Development of Cocoa Seedlings (Theobroma cacao L.) Are Subject to Influence From the Pregerminative Methods Employed
(John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2025-12-20) Chuquibala Checan, Beimer; Torres de la Cruz, Magdiel; Mendoza Merino, Jani Elisabet; Tineo Flores, Daniel; Arce Inga, Marielita; Álvarez Robledo, Yeltsin Abel; Atalaya Marin, Nilton; Gómez Fernández, Darwin; Goñas Goñas, Malluri
In Peru, cocoa production has increased significantly, thereby establishing a prominent position for this crop in the country's agricultural landscape. The effect of different pregerminative methods on seed germination of cocoa ecotypes and their influence on seedling development in nursery were evaluated. Three cocoa ecotypes were used INDES 24, INDES 31, and INDES 67, and five pregerminative methods were applied to the seeds with mucilage, mucilage removal, tegument removal, water immersion, and immersion in Trichoderma harzianum solution. Parameters such as germination percentage GP, mean germination time GT50, mean germination rate GR50, and plant growth characteristics in terms of cotyledon height, plant height, number of leaves per plant, and stem diameter were evaluated. The results revealed that the treatments INDES 24 removal tegument, INDES 67 removal tegument, INDES 67 water immersion, and INDES 67 immersion in T. harzianum showed the best GPs of 100% at 72 h. Additionally, the INDES 67 tegument removal showed the best mean germination time and rate GT50 and GR50 with 24 h and 8 seeds/24 h, respectively. For growth parameters, INDES 67 mucilage removal showed the highest values for cotyledon height and the number of leaves per plant with 4 cm and 13.33 leaves/plant; for plant height and stem diameter, the treatments INDES 31 tegument removal and INDES 24 mucilage removal obtained the highest average values with 30.21 cm and 6.65 mm, respectively. These findings demonstrate that pregerminative methods significantly impact the germination and growth of cocoa plants. This insight can enhance cocoa propagation practices and improve the success rate of their establishment in the field.