Examinando por Autor "Hualpa Cutipa, Edwin"

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Bioprospecting and exploration of extremophilic enzymes in bioremediation of wastewater polluted
(CRC Press, 2024-04-12) Hualpa Cutipa, Edwin; Solorzano Acosta, Andi; Alfaro Cancino, Milagros Estefani; Arquíñego Zárate, Fiorella Maité; Julca Santur, Nikol Gianella; Mayhua, María José; Castro Tena, Lucero Katherine
Water, covering three-quarters of the Earth, is crucial for life and ecosystems and is also essential in industrial processes. However, most aquatic environments are polluted due to the massive discharge of wastewater with high pollutant loads, which threatens ecosystem health. To mitigate this environmental impact, humans have tried various physical and chemical strategies, but increased wastewater and reagents have the disadvantage of generating more waste, making it an environmentally unsustainable problem. Governments are now focusing on integrating living organisms or biological treatments to reduce or mitigate pollutants in contaminated matrices. Microbial biodiversity is being studied through bioprospecting strategies and the search for new microorganisms capable of biodegrading pollutants. Extremophilic microbes, which have undergone evolutionary processes and exhibited adaptive traits, have the potential to transform harmful contaminants into beneficial resources and improve their tolerance mechanisms to complex pollutants. This chapter aims to provide updated information on sustainable wastewater bioremediation processes using extremophilic microorganisms and their enzymes, considering their properties, characteristics, stability, and biodegradation capacity. Genetic modifications and editions are also discussed to obtain biomolecules with greater versatility and efficacy
Multiomics approaches on extremophiles and their application in the biological management of e-waste
(John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2023-12-23) Hualpa Cutipa, Edwin; Solórzano Acosta, Richard Andi; Landa Acuña, Daniela; Mendoza León, Janelle
The latest technological advances in the current era have allowed development in the different areas and disciplines of science, leading to a series of discoveries that enhance current scientific knowledge. These advances are largely due to the rapid evolution in the manufacture of increasingly sophisticated electronic devices. However, the consumption and disposal of electronic devices generate environmental pollution problems (e-waste) in different matrices of the ecosystem, linked to an accelerated demographic growth. A variety of techniques have been used to reduce the outcome of e-waste. Bioremediation is an environmental and eco-friendly strategy based on the use of the metabolic capabilities of organisms and microorganisms. For a better application of these environmental strategies, the application of molecular strategies is proposed under a multiomic approach, which involves the global and integrated study of the molecular components resulting from the interaction of organisms and microorganisms with waste products. Therefore, the aim of this chapter is to provide details on the microbes that degrade electronic waste (e-waste) and their study under a multiomic perspective (genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, and proteomics).
Omics strategies targeting microbes with microplastic detection and biodegradation properties
(CRC Press, 2024-04-12) Hualpa Cutipa, Edwin; Solórzano Acosta, Andi; Ravelo Machari, Yadira Karolay; Gomez Barrientos, Fiorella; Huayllacayan Mallqui, Jorge Johnny; Arquíñego Zárate, Fiorella Maité; León Chacón, Andrea; Alfaro Cancino, Milagros Estefani
Plastic-based products are ubiquitous in ecosystems due to their widespread use and utility in everyday life. Water matrices and winds are the primary means of plastic dispersal, which poses a threat to water consumption due to the presence of invisible contaminants. Microplastics (MPs) are the result of the physical, chemical, and biological degradation of bulky plastics, becoming a health hazard to living organisms. Microorganisms play a crucial role in the recycling and decomposition of harmful compounds. Studies have explored the properties of microorganisms in biodegradation and genetic manipulation to improve their metabolic properties. However, new strategies for detecting and understanding MPs’ metabolic versatility are needed. Various techniques have been developed to detect microbes and their biomolecules in various environments, including those not detectable using traditional culturing techniques. Omics approaches based on massive sequencing technologies (next generation sequencing) provide a better understanding of microbial cells and their characteristics. Strategies such as genomics, transcriptomics, metagenomics, proteomics, and metabolomics allow for precise molecular analysis, generating information about the genes a microorganism can harbor and the pattern of gene expression and protein synthesis under different conditions. This chapter aims to address the main omics strategies for detecting and identifying MPs and their biomolecules, including recent studies in humans.
Potential of extremophilic and native microbial consortia in the bioleaching of heavy metals on mining process
(CRC Press, 2024-04-12) Hualpa Cutipa, Edwin; Solorzano Acosta, Richard Andi; Huayllacayan Mallqui, Jorge Johnny; Aguirre Catalan, Heidy Mishey; León Chacón, Andrea; Castro Tena, Lucero Katherine
Mining is a significant economic activity in many countries, resulting in the release of wastewater with high concentrations of heavy metals and other harmful compounds. Leaching is a treatment technique for these effluents, allowing the recovery of precious metals through solubilization, but it generates large amounts of tailings and waste effluents. Microbial leaching (bioleaching) is a biological strategy where microbes are used to solubilize precious metals in insoluble substrates through microbial metabolism or metabolic products. Extremophilic microorganisms, particularly those formed by indigenous consortia (bacteria and fungi), have versatile metabolic traits that are highly valued. Some heterotrophic bacteria adapt to acid environments and high concentrations of heavy metals as a defense mechanism against heavy metals. The pH is a fundamental parameter of bioleaching, and for efficient bioleaching, microbial consortia composed of mixed cultures, mainly extremophilic microbes, are proposed due to their poly-resistance to a reduced pH, likely to favor the recovery of metal. This chapter addresses the main characteristics of extremophilic microorganisms forming native microbial consortia and their biotechnological potential in the bioleaching of heavy metal-rich mining effluents. The aim is to highlight advanced strategies or methods for studying this group of microorganisms, considering their enormous potential as a priceless source of compounds of interest for various fields such as medicine, agriculture, and mining.
Use of a microbial nexus system in high andean areas: effectiveness and feasibility for wastewater treatment
(CRC Press, 2024-08-01) Hualpa Cutipa, Edwin; Solorzano Acosta, Richard Andi; Alfaro Cancino, Milagros Estefani; Luis Alaya, Bernabe
High altitudes harbor several microbial species with unique properties, mainly because of their climatic and geographic characteristics that limit their adaptation. At present, several environmental problems are endangering the health of our planet, among which the pollution of aquatic ecosystems is one of the most important. Wastewater from various industries is treated before being released into the environment, but the strategies used are insufficiently effective, causing environmental problems. New methodologies have been proposed that are based on the implementation of microbial niches that are associated with wastewater treatment systems. Searching for microorganisms in native environments is an important step in establishing new microbial niches related to wastewater treatment. This is mainly because these indigenous microorganisms possess very versatile characteristics, which can be exploited to improve the efficiency of treating wastewater. A specific microbial community is used to degrade pollutants at each stage of biological wastewater treatment. To ensure the efficiency and effectiveness of the treatment process, the coupling of microbial niches in wastewater treatment is essential. In addition, this technique is more economical and environmentally friendly than other alternatives. This makes it an attractive option for wastewater treatment. Thus, this chapter attempts to address the main advantages of using microbial niches inhabiting the high Andean areas and their integration in wastewater treatment. In addition, new strategies will be proposed to study and recover these native microbes with high genetic value for application in different pollutant treatment systems.