Examinando por Autor "Cruz Luis, Juancarlos"

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Characterization and typification of small-scale goat production systems in the highlands of southeast Peru
(Frontiers Media, 2024-11-14) Palomino Guerrera, Walter; Godoy Padilla, David; Huaripaucar Huancahuari, Joseen; Sessarego Dávila, Emmanuel; Trillo Zárate, Fritz; Cruz Luis, Juancarlos
Goat breeding in Peru is one of the main activities of smallholders. Goats are distributed in different agroecological zones and regions of the country, developing under heterogeneity of production systems, making it difficult to understand goat breeders’ socioeconomic, technological, and productive situations. This study aimed to characterize and typify the goat production systems in the highlands of southeast Peru. A survey was conducted with 91 goat farmers from five districts of Ayacucho, Peru, using a structured and individualized questionnaire administered on their farms. The socio-economic, productive, and commercial characteristics of the goat production systems were recorded. A multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) and hierarchical classification analysis (HCA) were performed to establish a typology of the smallholders. The results reveal that the breeding system is extensive, where there is no breeding program, with natural pastures and crop stubble being the source of food for the herds. Only slightly more than half (54%) carry out a deworming program. Farmers were categorized into three different groups, corresponding to three different farming systems: Group 1 farmers raised goats solely for home consumption; Group 2 breeders raised goats for both consumption and marketing of surplus products (cheese, milk, and meat), and Group 3 farmed focused on producing cheese and goat kids and selling to local markets. The study provides valuable insights that will help design effective breeding strategies to develop sustainable goat farming in the region, considering different production systems and their respective socio-economic and trade dynamics. This classification will be essential for tailoring development programs to the specific needs of each group, promoting better use of resources, improving productivity, and enhancing the livelihoods of smallholder goat producers in Peru
Draft genome sequence data of Fusarium verticillioides strain REC01, a phytopathogen isolated from a Peruvian maize
(Elsevier, 2024-09-23) Estrada Cañari, Richard; Aragón, Liliana; Pérez Porras, Wendy E.; Romero Avila, Yolanda; Martínez Vidal, Gabriel; García, Karina; Cruz Luis, Juancarlos; Arbizu Berrocal, Carlos I.
Fusarium verticillioides represents a major phytopathogenic threat to maize crops worldwide. In this study, we present genomic sequence data of a phytopathogen isolated from a maize stem that shows obvious signs of vascular rot. Using rigorous microbiological identification techniques, we correlated the disease symptoms observed in an affected maize region with the presence of the pathogen. Subsequently, the pathogen was cultured in a suitable fungal growth medium and extensive morphological characterization was performed. In addition, a pathogenicity test was carried out in a DCA model with three treatments and seven repetitions. De novo assembly from Illumina Novaseq 60 0 0 sequencing yielded 456 contigs, which together constitute a 42.8 Mb genome assembly with a GC % content of 48.26. Subsequent comparative analyses were performed with other Fusarium genomes available in the NCBI database.
Green manuring and fertilization on rice (Oryza sativa L.): a peruvian Amazon study
(Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria, 2024-12-02) Arévalo Aranda, Yuri Gandhi; Rodríguez Toribio, Elmer; Rosillo Cordova, Leodan; Díaz Chuquizuta, Henry; Torres Chávez, Edson Esmith; Cruz Luis, Juancarlos; Siqueira Bahia, Rita de Cássia; Pérez Porras, Wendy Elizabeth
The study was conducted in Juan Guerra district, province and region of San Martin, Peru; it assessed two treatment sets: (1) nitrogen fertilizer dose (FN75, FN100); (2) green manure Crotalaria juncea (CroJ), Canavalia ensiformis (CanE), and without green manure. It was arranged in a split-plot design with four replications. During the experiment, we observed an important fluctuation in soil parameters. Notably, there was a decrease in soil carbon and nitrogen levels, likely attributed to microorganism metabolism. On the other hand, we observed that CanE significantly reduced the diseased tillers through “White Leaf Virus” (RHBV) by 2.82% compared to the control, and significant panicle fertility was achieved by CroJ (91.88%). No significant differences were obtained in yields during this first campaign; however, the highest reported yield was 8.36 t ha-1 with the CanE - FN100 treatment. Additionally, the nutritional quality of the rice was not affected by either green manuring or the application of chemical nitrogen fertilization. These findings allow deeper studies to consider strategic alternatives to reducing dependency on inorganic fertilizers among the poorest communities.
Modeling the current and future habitat suitability of Neltuma pallida in the dry forest of northern Peru under climate change scenarios to 2100
(John Wiley & Sons Inc., 2024-08-27) Barboza Castillo, Elgar; Bravo Morales, Nino; Cotrina Sanchez, Alexander; Salazar Coronel, Wilian; Gálvez Paucar, David; Gonzales, Jhony; Saravia Navarro, David; Valqui Valqui, Lamberto; Cárdenas Rengifo, Gloria Patricia; Ocaña Reyes, Jimmy Alcides; Cruz Luis, Juancarlos; Arbizu Berrocal, Carlos Irvin
The development of anthropic activities and climate change effects impact worldwide species' ecosystems and habitats. Habitats' adequate prediction can be an important tool to assess current and future trends. In addition, it allows strategies development for their conservation. The Neltuma pallida of the forest region in northern Peru, although very significant, has experienced a decline in recent years. The objective of this research is to evaluate the current and future distribution and conservation status of N. pallida in the Peruvian dry forest under climate change (Location: Republic of Peru). A total of 132 forest presence records and 10 variables (bioclimatic, topographic, and soil) were processed and selected to obtain the current and future distribution for 2100, using Google Earth Engine (GEE), RStudio, and MaxEnt. The area under the curve values fell within the range of 0.93–0.95, demonstrating a strong predictive capability for both present and future potential habitats. The findings indicated that the likely range of habitats for N. pallida was shaped by factors such as the average temperature of wettest quarter, maximum temperature of warmest month, elevation, rainfall, and precipitation of driest month. The main suitable areas were in the central regions of the geographical departments of Tumbes, Piura, and Lambayeque, as well as in the northern part of La Libertad. It is critical to determine the habitat suitability of plant species for conservation managers since this information stimulates the development of policies that favor sustainable use programs. In addition, these results can contribute significantly to identify new areas for designing strategies for populations conserving and recovering with an ecological restoration approach.
Phaneroptic characterization and zoometric indices of Creole goats in the Ayacucho region, Peru: First step for breeding programs, selection, and conservation
(Mymensingh: Network for the Veterinarians of Bangladesh, 2024-06-22) Palomino Guerrera, Walter; Laimes Estrada, Yeferson; Godoy Padilla, David; Cruz Luis, Juancarlos; Trillo Zárate, Fritz
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the phenotypic characteristics and typification of Creole goats in five localities of the Ayacucho region in south-central Peru. Materials and Methods: Data from 149 goats (25 males and 124 females) were collected, excluding animals under 2 years of age, pregnant, and sick. Seven qualitative characteristics and 11 zometric measurements were evaluated, and then 9 zometric indices were estimated. Results: In the region, goats with composite colors predominated (76.50%). Additionally, supernumerary (24.20%) and divergent teats (22.60%) were observed in females, while males exhibited a scrotal bifurcation (32.00%). The origin of the flock had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on body measurements, as well as on pelvic index, transverse pelvic index, longitudinal pelvic index, compactness index, and load cannon bone index, except for body index (BOI), proportionality index, dactyl thorax index (DTI), and relative cannon bone thickness index (p > 0.05). In the Ayacucho region, there is a predominance of light animals (57.72%) with a significant DTI (p < 0.05) among the populations, including goats with good balance and capable of walking long distances. Furthermore, there are compact animals (47.65%) with a significant BOI (p < 0.05) among the flock populations, which animals are of the biotype of meat. Conversely, the strongest positive correlation (r = 0.89) was discovered between chest girth and body weight. Conclusion: In the Ayacucho region, there are various creole goat biotypes range from light to very compact heavy goats, with a predominance of meat biotype animals, as well as a marked size dimorphism between localities of origin.