Examinando por Autor "Calero Rios, Emilee Nahomi"

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Guinea pig manure and mineral fertilizers enhance the yield and nutritional quality of hard yellow maize on the peruvian coast
(MDPI, 2025-04-26) Calero Rios, Emilee Nahomi; Borbor Ponce, Miryam; Lastra Paucar, Sphyros Roomel; Solórzano Acosta, Richard Andi
Sustainable fertilization using local resources such as manure is crucial for soil health. This study evaluated the potential of guinea pig manure to replace mineral fertilizers in hard yellow maize (hybrid INIA 619) under Peruvian coastal conditions. A split-plot design tested four doses of guinea pig manure (0, 2, 5, 10 t⋅ha−1) and four levels of mineral fertilization (0%, 50%, 75%, 100%). The study assessed plant height, ear characteristics, yield, and nutritional quality parameters. The results indicated that 100% mineral fertilization led to the highest plant height (229.67 cm) and grain weight (141.8 g). Yields of 9.19 and 9.08 t⋅ha−1 were achieved with 5 and 10 t⋅ha−1 of manure, while 50% mineral fertilization gave 8.8 t⋅ha−1, similar to the full dose (8.7 t⋅ha−1). The protein content was highest with 10 t⋅ha−1 of manure combined with mineral fertilization. However, no significant differences were found between the 50%, 75%, and 100% mineral fertilizer doses. In conclusion, applying guinea pig manure improved nutrient use efficiency, yield, and grain protein quality in maize, reducing the need for mineral fertilizers by up to 50%. This provides a sustainable fertilization strategy for agricultural systems.
Guinea Pig Manure and Mineral Fertilizers Enhance the Yield and Nutritional Quality of the INIA 619 Maize Variety on the Peruvian Coast
(Preprints.org, 2025-02-28) Calero Rios, Emilee Nahomi; Borbor Ponce, Miryam; Lastra Paucar, Sphyros Roomel; Solórzano Acosta, Richard Andi
Sustainable fertilization using local resources like manure is crucial for soil health. This study evaluated the potential of guinea pig manure to replace mineral fertilizers in hard yellow maize (hybrid INIA 619) under Peruvian coastal conditions. A split-plot design tested four doses of guinea pig manure (0, 2, 5, 10 t ha-1) and four levels of mineral fertilization (0%, 50%, 75%, 100%). The study assessed plant height, ear characteristics, yield, and nutritional quality parameters. The results indicated that 100% mineral fertilization led to the highest plant height (229.67 cm) and grain weight (141.8 g). Yields of 9.19 and 9.08 t ha-1 were achieved with 5 and 10 t ha-1 of manure, while 50% mineral fertilization gave 8.8 t ha-1, similar to the full dose (8.7 t ha-1). Protein content was highest with 10 t ha-1 of manure combined with mineral fertilization. However, no significant differences were found between the 50%, 75%, and 100% mineral fertilizer doses. In conclusion, applying guinea pig manure improved nutrient use efficiency, yield, and grain protein quality in maize, reducing the need for mineral fertilizers by up to 50%. This provides a sustainable fertilization strategy for agricultural systems.
Manual de aplicación de enmiendas para suelos salinos y sódicos
(Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria (INIA), 2024-09-27) Pérez Porras, Wendy Elizabeth; Flores Marquez, Ricardo; Calero Rios, Emilee Nahomi; Arévalo Aranda, Yuri Gandhi; Solórzano Acosta, Richard Andi
El enfoque principal del “Manual de aplicación de enmiendas para suelos salinos y sódicos” es brindar conocimiento detallado y paso a paso sobre cómo seleccionar, aplicar y monitorear enmiendas adecuadas para corregir los problemas de salinidad y sodicidad en los suelos, donde se abordan y recomiendan enmiendas orgánicas y químicas; asimismo, se proporciona ejemplos específicos de casos exitosos de su uso. Esto contribuirá al desarrollo de prácticas agrícolas más sostenibles y productivas en entornos afectados por la degradación química como es la salinidad y sodicidad.
Optimizing maize yield and nutritional quality through synergistic use of guinea pig manure and mineral fertilization: a sustainable approach for coastal Peru
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2026-02-25) Calero Rios, Emilee Nahomi; Cruz Luis, Juancarlos Alejandro; Solórzano Acosta, Richard Andi; Gaona Jimenez, Nery; Vallejos Torres, Geomar
Introduction: Excessive reliance on mineral fertilizers in maize cultivation has raised environmental concerns, highlighting the need for more sustainable alternatives. This study evaluated the effects of guinea pig (Cavia porcellus L.) manure and the application of N, P and K fertilizers on the yield and nutritional quality of hybrid maize grown in the central Peruvian coast. Methods: A split-plot design with three replications, was implemented, testing four manure doses (0, 2, 5, 10 t ha⁻¹) in combination with four mineral fertilizer levels (0, 50, 75, and 100% of recommended N, P and K). Results: The 5 t ha⁻¹ manure + 75% mineral fertilizer treatment achieved the highest yield (8.82 t ha⁻¹), representing a 28.38% increase relative to the full mineral fertilization treatment, accompanied by a grain weight of 152.80 g and an ear weight of 171.31 g. Nutritional quality peaked at 5 t ha⁻¹ manure + 100% mineral fertilizer, with 7.85% protein and 363 kcal 100 g⁻¹ energy content. Multivariate analysis revealed strong positive correlations between combined organic-mineral inputs and key productivity parameters. These findings demonstrate that the strategic integration of 5 t ha⁻¹ of guinea pig manure with a 25% reduction in mineral fertilization (i.e., 75% of the recommended dose) enhanced both grain yield and nutritional value. Discussion: This combination offers a practical, cost-effective pathway for smallholder farmers to improve yellow maize production under coastal Peruvian conditions while reducing dependence on chemical fertilizers. These results demonstrate a clear synergistic interaction between organic and mineral fertilization, leading to improved crop productivity under conditions of limited soil organic matter in the coastal soils of Peru. This finding supports the use of guinea pig manure as a sustainable and environmentally friendly agricultural input.
Synergy Between Microbial Inoculants and Mineral Fertilization to Enhance the Yield and Nutritional Quality of Maize on the Peruvian Coast
(MDPI, 2024-12-21) López Montañez, Ruth; Calero Rios, Emilee Nahomi; Quispe Matos , Kenyi Rolando; Huasasquiche Sarmiento, Lucero; Lastra Paucar, Sphyros Roomel; La Torre , Braulio; Solórzano Acosta, Richard Andi
Hard yellow maize is a crucial crop in Peruvian agriculture that plays a significant role in food security and livestock production. However, intensive fertilization practices in agronomic management have negatively impacted soil health. To explore more sustainable agricultural technologies, researchers investigated solutions using microorganisms to enhance plant growth. This study assessed the synergistic effects of microbial inoculants and mineral fertilization on INIA 619 and Dekal B-7088 maize varieties' yield and nutritional quality. A split-plot design was employed, incorporating four inoculation treatments—no inoculant, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma viride, and Pseudomonas putida—combined with fertilization levels of 0%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. The findings revealed that Bacillus subtilis boosted yields by 13.1% in INIA 619 and 55.5% in Dekal B-7088. Additionally, combined with 100% fertilization, microbial inoculation increased protein content by 47% and carbohydrates by 6% in INIA 619 while maintaining nutritional quality with 75% fertilization. Similarly, in Dekal B-7088, inoculation with total fertilization enhanced protein content by 54% and fiber by 27%. These results demonstrated that microbial inoculation could reduce mineral fertilization by up to 25% while sustaining high yields and improving the nutritional quality of maize.
The impact of microbial colonization on cadmium adsorption by rice husk biochar: microorganism-dependent outcomes in bioretention systems
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2026-06-01) Curi Zavala, Carlos; Arroyo Julca, Michell Karolay; Flores Marquez, Ricardo; Calero Rios, Emilee Nahomi; García, Sady; Solórzano Acosta, Richard Andi
The use of microorganisms and biochar, individually, has been proposed as a promising strategy for the bioremediation of heavy metals in contaminated water bodies. However, the impact of their combined application, specifically through the immobilization of microorganisms on biochar, on the efficiency of cadmium (Cd) removal and the physicochemical properties of water has not yet been fully assessed, creating uncertainty regarding their effectiveness in decontamination processes. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of the physical adsorption capacity for cadmium on rice husk biochar following activation with strains of Trichoderma harzianum, Chlorella sp., and Pseudomonas sp. Methods: Vertical flow modules were constructed in a factorial design: bioretention systems (M0: biochar, M1: biochar + Chlorella sp., M2: biochar + Pseudomonas sp., M3: biochar + Trichoderma harzianum) × initial cadmium concentration (C1: 3 mg·L−1, C2: 6 mg·L−1, C3: 15 mg·L−1). After 24 h, the efficiency of Cd removal varied significantly according to the system and the initial concentration. Results: For water with [Cd] ≤ 6 mg·L−1, pure biochar (M0) exhibited the highest removal efficiency (99.17 ± 0.41% at 6 mg·L−1). For higher concentrations, M1 showed notably enhanced and stable performance, achieving a removal rate of 99.22 ± 1.06%, surpassing M0 (94.35 ± 6.29%) in stability and effectiveness at high loading. In contrast, M2 and M3 systems exhibited lower efficiencies (75.07 ± 12.73% and 77.79 ± 12.22%, respectively, at 15 mg·L−1). Discussion: The results indicate that the outcome of microbial colonization depends critically on the microorganism used. For M2 and M3, removal rates were inversely proportional to the initial Cd concentration, suggesting early saturation of active sites and/or possible ionic competition for nutrient residues. The scaling up of M1 using conventional fertilizers represents a technically and economically sustainable alternative. For M2 and M3, future works should evaluate the incorporation of post-colonization conditioning stages (e.g., washing, pH adjustment) to mitigate potential ionic competition and restore the adsorptive capacity of the biochar.
Valorization of sugarcane residues as a bio-input for sustainable cultivation of cucurbita moschata on the northern coast of Peru
(Arid Zone Research Association of India, 2026-03-28) Palomino Arias, Mickel; Salazar Coronel, Willian; Paredes Jacinto, Juan Carlos; Rivas, Johan; Calero Rios, Emilee Nahomi; Aldava Pardave, Uriel; Solórzano Acosta, Richard Andi
The valorization of agro-industrial waste represents a pivotal strategy for enhancing the sustainability of horticultural systems in arid regions. This study evaluated the potential of compost derived from sugarcane residues as an ecological alternative to chemical fertilization in the cultivation of Cucurbita moschata (loche), a culturally and economically significant crop on the northern coast of Peru. Four fertilization treatments were compared: conventional mineral fertilization, compost from sugarcane residues enriched with efficient microorganisms, compost supplemented with digestive enzymes, and guano from islands. Physiological parameters (plant vitality, elongation, number of shoots, and SPAD index) and productive indicators (fruit number, length, diameter, and °Brix) were evaluated under dry climatic conditions. Significant differences were observed in SPAD values at 107 days after sowing, with conventional mineral fertilization exhibiting the highest index (51.39 ± 5.4). While yield related traits did not differ statistically among treatments, compost from sugarcane residues enriched with efficient microorganisms showed vegetative development comparable to that of the mineral treatment, along with a positive trend in plant length. No significant differences were observed in fruit quality or number. These results suggest that composted sugarcane residues, especially when enriched with microbial agents, can support crop growth without compromising productivity. This study constitutes the first formal report on the application of sugarcane waste compost in C. moschata cultivation. Its implementation could promote agroecological practices, reduce reliance on mineral
Weed Species Associated with Cacao Cultivation Exhibiting Phytoremediation Potential for Cadmium and Lead: A Study Based on Bioconcentration and Translocation Factors
(Tech Science Press, 2026-06-29) Romero Chávez, Lorena Estefani; Calero Rios, Emilee Nahomi; Aldava Pardave, Uriel; Ottos Díaz, Elvis; Salgado Veramendi, Noelito; Huerto Pajuelo, Eldhy Sianina; Ibarra Porras, Carolina del Carmen; Solórzano Acosta, Richard Andi
The exploration and identification of spontaneous weed species in heavy metal–contaminated soils represent a relevant approach for understanding the role and their potential application in phytoremediation. In cacao cultivation, cadmium contamination poses a significant risk due to the restrictions established for soils and cacao-derived products, thereby threatening productive sustainability and export viability. The objective of this study was to identify weed species associated with cacao cultivation exhibiting accumulation patterns and phytoremediation potential for Cd and Pb, through the assessment of biomass production and the bioconcentration factor (BCF) and translocation factor (TF), in natural conditions. Soil samples were collected from seven cacao-growing zones, and the site with the highest Cd concentration (1.65 mg kg−1) was selected, where ten dominant weed species were identified and evaluated. Significant interspecific differences were observed in biomass production and in Cd and Pb concentrations (p < 0.05). Talinum paniculatum exhibited the highest total biomass (6.15 g) and the highest TF for Cd, whereas Cyperus aggregatus showed the greatest total Cd accumulation (2.68 mg kg−1). BCF and TF values enabled the identification of species with accumulation patterns consistent with Cd phytoextraction (T. paniculatum, C. aggregatus, Pseudelephantopus spiralis, Bidens riparia, Euphorbia heterophylla, and Malvastrum coromandelianum) and with phytostabilization (Ocimum campechianum). For Pb the observed patterns were consistent with potential phytoextractive behavior in B. riparia, P. spiralis, E. heterophylla, Hilleria latifolia, and Acalypha stachyura. Although these results do not constitute functional evidence of remediation, they describe heavy metal accumulation and translocation patterns in native weed species, providing a technical basis for the design of future experimental trials aimed at the sustainable remediation of contaminated soils.