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Polinización y polinizadores desde la innovación agraria
(Manufacturas Graficas SAC, 2024-11-14) Lizárraga Travaglini, Alfonso Diuliu
El Sistema Nacional de Innovación Agraria (SNIA) de acuerdo al la D.S. 1060 es el conjunto de instituciones, principios, normas, procedimientos, técnicas e instrumentos mediante los cuales el Estado, en asociación con el sector privado y las universidades, promueve la investigación, el desarrollo tecnológico, la innovación y la transferencia tecnológica con la finalidad de impulsar la modernización y la competitividad del sector agrario. Uno de los aspectos considerados como fundamentales en una agricultura sostenible es el servicio ecosistémico de polinización, a cargo de especies manejadas como la abeja común (Apis mellifera) y diversas especies nativas, donde resaltan los insectos como himenópteros, lepidópteros y dípteros, principalmente.
Términos de abejas en lenguas originarias de la familia Arawak
(Manufacturas Graficas SAC, 2024-11-14) Lizárraga Travaglini, Alfonso Diuliu
La etnoentomología se refiere al conocimiento entomológico en las diversas culturas, lo que requiere identificar los nombres de los insectos en la propia lengua originaria, lo cual facilita y enriquece las investigaciones de diversidad biológica, las percepciones del manejo de bosques y aplicaciones en el campo de la agricultura.
Nutritional quality of the “Algarrobo” neltuma pallida fruit and its relationship with soil properties and vegetation indices in the dry forests of Northern Peru
(MPDI, 2025-09-16) Salazar Coronel, Wilian; Cruz Grimaldo, Camila Leandra; Lastra Paucar, Sphyros Roomel; Rengifo Sanchez, Raihil Rabindranath; Vargas de la Cruz, Celia; Godoy Padilla, David; Sessarego Davila, Emmanuel Alexander; Cruz Luis, Juancarlos Alejandro; Solórzano Acosta, Richard Andi
The dry forests of northern Peru are home to extensive populations of algarrobo (Neltuma spp.). Its fruit serves as feed for goats and is used in various agro-industrial products. However, the nutritional quality can be influenced by the physicochemical properties of the soil and vegetation coverage. The objective of this study was to understand and predict the concentration of protein and ether extracts of carob and evaluate its relationship with soil properties and vegetation indices. Principal component analysis (PCA) and correlation analyses were conducted. The prediction of protein and ether extract was carried out using the Eureqa-Formulize software 1.24.0. In the PCA, protein showed a positive relationship with ash and ether extract but a negative relationship with moisture. Likewise, moderate correlations were observed between protein and ash content (0.51). Protein also showed positive correlations with pH (r = 0.19), BI (r = 0.22), and NDSI (r = 0.22). Additionally, the ether extract exhibited correlations with sand content (r = 0.22), Ca2+ (r = −0.26), Cu (r = −0.20), S5 (r = 0.26), and Si (r = 0.24). Protein predictions showed moderate performance (CC = 0.73 and R2 = 0.53), as did ether extracts (CC = 0.68 and R2 = 0.46). These findings contribute to a better understanding of the factors that influence the nutritional quality of carob and can be used for the development of sustainable management strategies in the dry forests of northern Peru.
Rhizobium inoculation sustains optimal yields on native common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under nitrogen-deficient fertilization
(MDPI, 2025-07-25) Vásquez Lozano, Danny Jarlis; Ureta Sierra, Cledy; Campos Ruiz, Joseph; Ramírez Maguiña, Héctor Andrés; Chávez Collantes, Azucena; Velarde Apaza, Leslie Diana; Solórzano Acosta, Richard Andi; Cadenillas Martínez, Attilio Israel
Native bean genotypes (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) play a crucial role in ensuring food security in the Andean region. However, their cultivation faces challenges, such as low yields and a high dependence on nitrogen fertilizers. Addressing these issues requires the development of sustainable strategies to enhance productivity. This study evaluated the interaction between Rhizobium phaseoli inoculation and three levels of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) fertilization on the growth, yield, and nutritional profile of the 'Tiachos bayo' native bean variety under Andean field conditions. Two R. phaseoli strains (UNC-1 and CIAT-2) were tested in combination with three levels of chemical fertilization (0%, 50%, and 100%) using a factorial design under field conditions. Parameters assessed included nodule number, plant height, phenology, yield, and proximal grain composition. Results indicated that inoculation and fertilization levels significantly influenced nodulation, phenological phases, and crop yield. The highest yield (2172 kg·ha⁻¹) and nodule number (78) were observed with the combined treatment of R. phaseoli CIAT-2 strain with 100% fertilization. It was concluded that R. phaseoli inoculation, when integrated with appropriate fertilization, enhances the productivity of native beans.
Human-wildlife interaction, conflict, and coexistence: Bibliometric analysis from Scopus (1987–2023)
(Malque Publishing, 2025-07-18) Guzman Valqui, Betty Karina; Silva López, Jhonsy O.; Rojas Briceño, Nilton B.
Human interactions with wildlife range from conflict (negative) to coexistence (positive or neutral). The scientific interest in this topic is increasing rapidly, although the terminology used varies among authors. This study presents a bibliometric analysis of literature on human–wildlife interaction, conflict, and coexistence (HWCICx) from 1987 to October 2023 using Scopus data analyzed with VOSviewer and the Bibliometrix package in R. An exponential rise in publications was identified between 1995 and 2022, confirming HWCICx as an emerging yet robust research field. The United States and the United Kingdom lead in publication volume and international collaboration, whereas researchers from Asia and Latin America show growing involvement. Journals specializing in ecology, conservation, and wildlife, such as Biological Conservation, Oryx, and Human–Wildlife Interactions, dominate the field, although newer specialized journals are gaining visibility. Predominant research topics include carnivore–livestock conflicts and species conservation. However, new areas of interest are emerging, including urban wildlife interactions and the sociocultural aspects of coexistence. This study offers an updated overview of the evolution of HWCICx research and highlights the need for integrated natural and social science approaches to develop sustainable models of coexistence.
Manual para la valorización de residuos agrícolas y pecuarios altoandinos para la producción de biofertilizantes
(Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria (INIA), 2025-07-24) Cuellar Condori, Néstor Edwin; Solórzano Acosta, Richard Andi
El Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria (INIA) es un organismo técnico especializado adscrito al Ministerio de Desarrollo Agrario y Riego (MIDAGRI), que desarrolla actividades de investigación, transferencia tecnológica, aprovechamiento y conservación de los recursos genéticos; además de la producción de semillas, plantones y reproductores de alto valor genético. El INIA, a través de la Dirección de Servicios Estratégicos Agrarios (DSEA), viene ejecutando el proyecto de inversión “Mejoramiento de los servicios de investigación y transferencia tecnológica en el manejo y recuperación de suelos agrícolas degradados y aguas para riego en la pequeña y mediana agricultura en los departamentos de Lima, Áncash, San Martín, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Junín, Ayacucho, Arequipa, Puno y Ucayali”, con CUI N° 2487112, el cual tiene como uno de sus objetivos evaluar prácticas alternativas para el manejo de suelos y agua en la producción agrícola. La creciente preocupación por los efectos negativos del uso excesivo de fertilizantes químicos ha impulsado la búsqueda de alternativas más ecológicas para el manejo de la fertilidad del suelo. En este contexto, en la región altoandina, el aprovechamiento de insumos locales provenientes de actividades agrícolas y pecuarias se presenta como una opción viable para la producción de biofertilizantes. Esta alternativa no solo ayuda a restaurar la fertilidad de los suelos, sino también a mitigar el impacto ambiental del manejo tradicional de los residuos. En este marco, se elaboró el “Manual para la valorización de residuos agrícolas y pecuarios altoandinos para la producción de biofertilizantes” como resultado de un esfuerzo colaborativo entre expertos en agronomía y sostenibilidad ambiental. El presente documento está dirigido a agricultores, técnicos agropecuarios y profesionales del sector para promover buenas prácticas agrícolas que contribuyan a la sostenibilidad y mejora de la productividad en la región andina.
The conversion of forests to agricultural croplands significantly depletes soil organic carbon reserves, total nitrogen, and available potassium, reaching critical thresholds in the Peruvian Amazon
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2025-09-19) Solórzano Acosta, Richard Andi; Cruz Luis, Juancarlos Alejandro; Chuchon Remon, Rodolfo Juan; Romero Chávez, Lorena Estefani; Lozano, Andi; Gaona Jimenez, Nery; Vallejos Torres, Geomar
Introduction: Land-use change from primary forests to agricultural croplands can degrade soil quality by depleting soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (STN), and soil-available potassium (SAK). The magnitudes and thresholds of these losses in the Peruvian Amazon remain insufficiently quantified.
Methods: We assessed six land-use systems—two primary forests and four croplands (coffee, cocoa, oil palm, camu camu)—collecting 72 surface soil samples (0–20 cm) from 12 subplots per system using pit sampling. SOC, STN, and SAK were measured with standard laboratory procedures and compared across land uses.
Results: The humid primary forest (WE–PF) had the highest nutrient status (SOC 118.99 t C ha⁻¹; STN 0.35%; SAK 181.83 mg kg⁻¹). The lowest values occurred in croplands, especially camu camu (SOC 23.93 t C ha⁻¹; STN 0.08%). Forest-to-cropland conversion was associated with average reductions of 58.98% (SOC), 59.49% (STN), and 59.66% (SAK). Among crops, coffee showed the smallest deficit (18.04%), whereas camu camu showed the largest SOC deficit (30.92%).
Discussion: Converting forests to croplands critically depletes SOC, STN, and SAK, indicating substantial nutrient losses and concomitant deterioration of soil quality. These findings support conserving primary forests and promoting agroforestry and soil-restorative practices to mitigate degradation in the Peruvian Amazon.
Calendario agrícola: Región Sierra
(Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria, 2025) Lobato Gálvez, Roiser Honorio; Cochas Escandón, Juanita Melissa; Ríos Chavarría, Claudia Sofía; Amézquita León, Carlos Alberto; Acuña Leiva, Alex Yony; Oré Aquino, Zoila Luz; Casanova Nuñez Melgar, David Pavel
Calendario agrícola: Región Costa
(Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria, 2025) Lobato Gálvez, Roiser Honorio; Cochas Escandón, Juanita Melissa; Ríos Chavarría, Claudia Sofía; Amézquita León, Carlos Alberto; Acuña Leiva, Alex Yony; Oré Aquino, Zoila Luz; Casanova Nuñez Melgar, David Pavel
Calendario agrícola: Región Selva
(Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria, 2025) Lobato Gálvez, Roiser Honorio; Cochas Escandón, Juanita Melissa; Ríos Chavarría, Claudia Sofía; Amézquita León, Carlos Alberto; Acuña Leiva, Alex Yony; Oré Aquino, Zoila Luz; Casanova Nuñez Melgar, David Pavel