Examinando por Materia "Trichoderma"

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Efecto de ácidos húmicos, biocidas y micronutrientes protectores en el control de plagas y enfermedades de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) en Pichanaki
(Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, 2022-01-04) Parco Quispe, Máximo; Camacho Villalobos, Alina Alexandra; Oscco Medina, Itnan; Parco, Jhimy A.; Bobadilla Rivera, Leidy; Dionisio, Fiorela E.
En las plantaciones de cacao criollo fino de aroma de la selva central de Perú, existe una alta incidencia de plagas insectiles y fungosas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue disminuir la incidencia de estas plagas, a menos de 5 frutos dañados/planta, e incrementar la productividad en más de 50 %, con tecnología de bajo costo, que resulta de fácil adopción por pequeños, medianos productores y comunidades nativas, sin contaminar el medio ambiente. La metodología del experimento fue en campo y laboratorio, mediante un diseño en bloques completamente al azar, con 6 tratamientos y 4 repeticiones. Los tratamientos aplicados fueron: T1- kallpapacha (200 mL / 20 L de agua), T2 - Goliat (300 g /20 L), T3 - Super Fungicob (50 g / 20 L), T4 - Trichoderma (200 g/ 20 L), T5 trichoderma + Pochonia (200 g cada una/20 L) y T6 (Testigo). Se evaluaron número de frutos sanos, número de frutos dañados por cada plaga. Como resultado se logró reducir la incidencia de plagas en su conjunto a menos de 5 frutos infectados por planta y se elevaron el número frutos sanos cosechados en más de 50 %. Por lo tanto, el conjunto de aplicación de los tratamientos y manejo agronómico fueron eficientes en el control de las plagas.
Interaction between Trichoderma sp., Pseudomonas putida, and two organic amendments on the yield and quality of strawberries (Fragaria x annanasa cv. San Andreas) in the Huaral region, Peru
(MDPI, 2024-07-22) Huasasquiche, Lucero; Ccori, Thania; Alejandro, Leonela; Cántaro Segura, Héctor; Samaniego, Tomás; Solórzano, Richard
Strawberry cultivation holds significant economic and social promise within Peruvian fruit production. However, conventional management practices have led to the excessive use of agrochemicals in this crop. This study proposes an organic approach to strawberry production, integrating less environmentally harmful technologies. The aim was to assess microbial inoculation by using Trichoderma sp. and Pseudomonas putida and the application of organic amendments on strawberry seedlings of the commercial cultivar “San Andreas”. A field experiment was established with evaluations in the vegetative and productive stages. Results indicate that the co-inoculation of Trichoderma sp. and Pseudomonas putida increased leaf area by 7%, and enhanced the aerial part’s fresh and dry biomass by 13% and 28%, respectively, compared to treatment without microbial inoculation. Concurrently, compost application increased the leaf number and aerial dry biomass by 22% and 19% at the end of the vegetative stage, respectively, compared to treatment without organic amendment. In addition, it reduced the days for flowering, maintaining the fruit’s physicochemical attributes. Regarding yield, the amendments application significantly enhanced fruit weight per plant by 40%, especially when applied together with Trichoderma sp., and co-inoculation increased the number of fruits per meter square by 22%. These findings highlight the potential of technologies such as microbial inoculation and organic amendments to enhance strawberry yields and to gradually reduce the use of synthetic fertilizers.
Synergy Between Microbial Inoculants and Mineral Fertilization to Enhance the Yield and Nutritional Quality of Maize on the Peruvian Coast
(MDPI, 2024-12-21) López Montañez, Ruth; Calero Rios, Emilee Nahomi; Quispe Matos , Kenyi Rolando; Huasasquiche Sarmiento, Lucero; Lastra Paucar, Sphyros Roomel; La Torre , Braulio; Solórzano Acosta, Richard Andi
Hard yellow maize is a crucial crop in Peruvian agriculture that plays a significant role in food security and livestock production. However, intensive fertilization practices in agronomic management have negatively impacted soil health. To explore more sustainable agricultural technologies, researchers investigated solutions using microorganisms to enhance plant growth. This study assessed the synergistic effects of microbial inoculants and mineral fertilization on INIA 619 and Dekal B-7088 maize varieties' yield and nutritional quality. A split-plot design was employed, incorporating four inoculation treatments—no inoculant, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma viride, and Pseudomonas putida—combined with fertilization levels of 0%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. The findings revealed that Bacillus subtilis boosted yields by 13.1% in INIA 619 and 55.5% in Dekal B-7088. Additionally, combined with 100% fertilization, microbial inoculation increased protein content by 47% and carbohydrates by 6% in INIA 619 while maintaining nutritional quality with 75% fertilization. Similarly, in Dekal B-7088, inoculation with total fertilization enhanced protein content by 54% and fiber by 27%. These results demonstrated that microbial inoculation could reduce mineral fertilization by up to 25% while sustaining high yields and improving the nutritional quality of maize.