Examinando por Autor "Veli Rivera, Eudosio Amancio"

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Acciones para la caracterización y conservación del bovino criollo Peruano (Bos taurus)
(Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura - FAO, 2007-04-01) Rivas Seoane, Emma Rosa; Veli Rivera, Eudosio Amancio; Aquino Villasante, Yeny Natali; Rivas Palma, Victoria Esther; Pastor, Santiago; Estrada Zúniga, Rigoberto
Se describen las actividades de conservación y caracterización del bovino criollo peruano en el Instituto Nacional de Investigación y extensión Agraria (INIEA), las mismas que se han desarrollado con la activa interacción con las comunidades rurales de las regiones peruanas de Ancash, Apurímac, Ayacucho, Junín y Puno, dedicadas a la crianza de ganado criollo; en las comunidades también se llevaron a cabo trabajo de campo y charlas participativas sobre la conservación de sus morfotipos locales. Las actividades desarrolladas incluyen la caracterización morfológica y molecular empleando microsatélites y RFLP para detectar genotipos de proteínas lácteas (variantes de kappa caseínas y beta lactoglobulinas). Esta información será de utilidad para los programas de mejoramiento del bovino criollo peruano en las comunidades rurales.
Caracterización genética de Kappa caseínas y Beta lactoglobulinas del bovino criollo de cuatro comunidades andinas del Perú
(Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación (FAO), 2010-05-06) Veli Rivera, Eudosio Amancio; Rivas Seoane, Emma
[ES] En el Perú el bovino criollo cumple un rol importante en la vida de las comunidades altoandinas; es fuente de proteínas y fuerza de trabajo; su leche se comercializa como materia prima o es utilizada para la producción de queso en forma artesanal (“quesillo” o “cachipa”). Los reportes de caracterización molecular de proteínas lácteas en el bovino criollo peruano son escasos y en ausencia de programas de selección y mejoramiento, se está perdiendo la diversidad de ésta raza adaptada localmente, sin aprovechar mejor este recurso zoogenético. Se presentan los resultados de la caracterización genética de kappa caseínas (CSN3) y beta lactoglobulinas (BLG) en poblaciones de bovinos criollos de cuatro comunidades andinas del Perú. Las frecuencias alélicas de la población estudiada fueron: CSN3A = 0,590, CSN3B = 0,410, BLGA = 0,400 y BLGB = 0,600.--- [EN] In Peru criollo cattle play an important role in the lives of the communities of the high Andes; they are a source of protein and of labour; their milk is sold as raw material or used to produce cheese by traditional methods (quesillo or cachipa). Reports of molecular characterization of milk proteins in the Peruvian criollo cattle are scarce, and in the absence of selection and improvement programmes, the diversity of locally adapted criollo cattle is being lost, without greater advantage being taken of this animal genetic resource. The results of genetic characterization of kappa caseins (CSN3) and beta lactoglobulins (BLG) in four populations of criollo cattle from Andean communities in Peru are reported. Allelic frequencies were: CSN3A = 0.590, CSN3B = 0.410, BLGA = 0.400 and BLGB = 0.600.
Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Llamas (Lama glama) from the Camelid Germplasm Bank - Quimsachata
(MPDI, 2020-05-12) Paredes Rojas, Gabriela Fabiola; Yalta Macedo, Claudia Esther; Gutiérrez, Gustavo A.; Veli Rivera, Eudosio Amancio
Llamas (Lama glama) are invaluable resources of Peru. Despite their importance, their population is decreasing. The Camelid Germplasm Bank-Quimsachata was created as a guardian of this South American camelid (SAC) species and established a bank of llamas from their two types, Ch’aku and Q’ara. However, these populations need to present high genetic diversity to be considered suitable conservation stocks. Thus, in the present study, 13 microsatellites specific for the SAC were used to assess the current genetic variability and differentiation of the llama population from the Bank. The global population showed high genetic diversity with a total of 157 different alleles, with an average of 12.08 alleles per microsatellite, an expected and observed heterozygosity of 0.758 and 0.707, respectively, and an average polymorphic information content (PIC) of 0.723. Although considered as two different breeds and managed separately, the genetic differentiation between Ch’aku and Q’ara was low (FST = 0.01). Accordingly, the gene flow value was high (Nm = 30.5). Overall, our results indicate the existence of high genetic variation among individuals, and thus, this llama population could be considered a suitable genetic stock for their conservation and for sustainability programs. Additionally, the 13 microsatellites can be used to study other Peruvian llama populations and monitor the genetic variability of llamas from the Camelid Germplasm Bank—Quimsachata
Genetic diversity and validation of a microsatellite panel for parentage testing for alpacas (Vicugna pacos) on three Peruvian farms
(El Sevier, 2020-09-22) Morón, J. A.; Veli Rivera, Eudosio Amancio; Membrillo, A.; Paredes, M. M.; Gutiérrez Reynoso, Gustavo Augusto
The alpaca is of greatest economic importance in the Peruvian High Andes. This study aimed to determine the genetic diversity of three Peruvian alpaca farms, as well as, to validate a microsatellite markers panel for paternity testing. In this study, 247 samples of Huacaya alpacas were taken from three different localities (Sanjo, San Pedro de Raco and Cachipampa) from Pasco Region in Peru. DNA was obtained from hair follicles and genotyped for 15 microsatellites markers in multiplex electrophoresis runs.A total of 225 alleles were detected across the 15 loci investigated. The polymorphism information content considering all loci was 0.82, which indicated that the microsatellite panel was very polymorphic and highly informative. The estimated diversity parameter showed that farms have high levels of genetic diversity (HE = 0.826), and revealed the existence of genetic differentiation among the farms (FST = 2.8 %). The highest inbreeding coefficient was in the Sanjo farm (FIS = 0.303). The results of the parentage testing indicated that all loci showed values greater than 70 % probability of discrimination. However, the highest values found were 94 % (YWLL08) and 90 % (YWLL36). The average of the probability of exclusion obtained was 0.999994 if the genotype for one alleged parents is known, and 0.99999 if the genotypes for both alleged parents are known. The results obtained show that there is a high genetic diversity and validate the panel of microsatellite markers, that would help to improve the identification system and genealogical data collection.
Genetic diversity in creole pigs in south central Peru
(Springer, 2023-11-30) Luna, Rosa; Acuña Rodríguez, Wendy; Gutiérrez, Gustavo; Castro Muñoz, María del Rosario; Veli Rivera, Eudosio Amancio
The creole pigs represent 67% of the national population in Peru. They are a source of economic income in rural communities, and due to their rusticity, they are not much labor demanding. However, knowledge about its genetic diversity remains scarce. The objective of this study was to determine the population structure and genetic diversity of creole pigs from rural communities in south central Peru. Thirteen microsatellites were used to characterize 120 creole pigs from the departments of Ayacucho (57) and Apurimac (63). The samples were taken from hair follicles and ear tissue. Nine microsatellites were highly polymorphic and informative (PIC > 0.5) for both departments. The Ayacucho population had a mean number of alleles (MNA) and expected heterozygosity (HE) of 8.8 and 0.68, respectively, while in the Apurimac population, these were 8.9 and 0.71, respectively. Both populations showed in less than 50% of their loci a deviation from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. There was a moderate genetic structure according to the analysis of molecular variance and the FST statistics (0.06), which was corroborated by Bayesian methods. In conclusion, the genetic diversity was mostly due to the intrapopulation variance (91%). Some individuals from Ayacucho shared similar alleles with those from Apurimac. This latter result may be due to their geographic proximity and the introduction of the same new exotic breeds. This is the first research on the genetic diversity of creole pigs in south central Peru. In fact, this study could serve as a basis for conservation strategies and actions in this region.
Genome-wide association study of fiber diameter in alpacas
(MDPI, 2023-10-25) More, Manuel; Veli Rivera, Eudosio Amancio; Cruz, Alan; Gutiérrez, Juan Pablo; Gutiérrez, Gustavo; Ponce de León, F. Abel
The aim of this study was the identification of candidate genomic regions associated with fiber diameter in alpacas. DNA samples were collected from 1011 female Huacaya alpacas from two geographical Andean regions in Peru (Pasco and Puno), and three alpaca farms within each region. The samples were genotyped using an Affymetrix Custom Alpaca genotyping array containing 76,508 SNPs. After the quality controls, 960 samples and 51,742 SNPs were retained. Three association study methodologies were performed. The GWAS based on a linear model allowed us to identify 11 and 35 SNPs (−log10(p-values) > 4) using information on all alpacas and alpacas with extreme values of fiber diameter, respectively. The haplotype and marker analysis method allowed us to identify nine haplotypes with standardized haplotype heritability higher than six standard deviations. The selection signatures based on cross-population extended haplotype homozygosity (XP-EHH) allowed us to identify 180 SNPs with XP-EHH values greater than |3|. Four candidate regions with adjacent SNPs identified via two association methods of analysis are located on VPA6, VPA9, VPA29 and one chromosomally unassigned scaffold. This study represents the first analysis of alpaca whole genome association with fiber diameter, using a recently assembled alpaca SNP microarray.
Paternal ancestry of Peruvian creole cattle inferred from Y-chromosome analysis
(El Sevier, 2020-12-15) Yalta Macedo, Claudia Esther; Veli Rivera, Eudosio Amancio; Díaz Ortiz, Gerardo Ramón; Vallejo Trujillo, Adriana
The aim of this study was the identification of the genetic diversity and paternal origin of Peruvian creole cattle. A panel of 7 Y-chromosome specific markers (INRA189, UMN0103, BM861, UMN307, BYM-1, DDX3Y_1STR and ZFY10) were analyzed in 229 cattle from 6 regions of the Peruvian highlands. The creole cattle exhibited low genetic diversity (H= 0.50) mostly explained by within-population variation (98%) and absence of population structure (FST = 0.019) in the analyzed regions. These results are in concordance to other studies in Spanish cattle populations. The overall frequency and distribution of the major B. taurus haplogroups: Y1 (19%) and Y2 (81%), suggests that Peruvian creole cattle derived from the Iberian Peninsula cattle. Furthermore, our results some degree of male-mediated African cattle influence in the Peruvian creoles, supporting the findings of other studies in South American creole cattle populations. Altogether, our results revealed unique genetic characteristics of Peruvian creole cattle that may have important implications for future conservation programs.
Variabilidad genética de bovinos criollos de Perú utilizando marcadores microsatélites
(Universidad de Córdoba, 2008-09-30) Aquino Villasante, Yeny Natali; Veli Rivera, Eudosio Amancio; Rivas Seoane, Emma; Rivas Palma, Victoria Esther; Estrada Zúniga, Rigoberto
[ES] Se analizaron un total de 326 bovinos Criollos procedentes de las regiones de Puno, Ayacucho y Junín, con el objetivo de conocer la variabilidad genética de estas poblaciones. Se utilizaron cinco iniciadores microsatélites: BM1818, BM1824, ETH225, ILSTS005 e ILSTS006; identificándose un total de 27 alelos. La heterocigosidad esperada total fue de 0,7; se reportan los de resultados del análisis de frecuencias alélicas y diferenciación genética.--- [EN] We analyze a total of 326 Criollo cattle from the regions of Puno, Ayacucho and Junín in order to investigate the genetic variability of these populations. Five DNA microsatellites markers (DNA-SSR) were used (BM1818, BM1824, ETH225, ILSTS005 and ILSTS006). We identified 27 alleles with these microsatellites markers. The total expected heterocigocity was 0.7; it is also reported the results of the allele frequencies analysis and genetic differentiation.
Variabilidad genética del gen de beta lactoglubina en bovinos criollos de Perú
(Universidad de Córdoba, 2008-09-30) Veli Rivera, Eudosio Amancio; Rivas Seoane, Emma; Rivas Palma, Victoria Esther; Aquino Villasante, Yeny Natali; Estrada Zúniga, Rigoberto
[ES] Para conocer el componente alélico de las ßlactoglobulinas (BLG) en poblaciones de bovinos Criollos, se evaluó la variabilidad genética del gen BLG en 267 animales de las comunidades campesinas (CC) de las regiones de Ayacucho, Puno y Ancash. Se reportan las frecuencias alélicas de los bovinos Criollos de las CC de estas regiones, encontrándose que todas las poblaciones están en equilibrio (p<0,05). Asimismo, se observó que la frecuencia genotípica BLGAA resultó menor respecto a las frecuencias BLGAB y BLGBB. Se discuten estos resultados, para que asociados a los genotipos de kappa caseína (CASK), producción de leche y rendimiento quesero de los bovinos criollos, puedan ser aplicados en futuros planes de mejoramiento, como alternativa de desarrollo económico sostenible que contribuya a mejorar la calidad de vida en las CC de estas regiones del Perú. Asimismo se resalta la importancia de la conservación in situ de estas especies adaptadas a un sistema de bajos insumos.--- [EN] Genetic variability of the gene ß-lactoglobulin (BLG) was evaluated by PCR-RFLP with the objective to determine the allelic component of this gene in 267 Creole cattle of rural communities of Ayacucho, Puno and Ancash. In this paper allelic frequencies in Creole cattle of the rural communities of these regions are reported; all populations were in equilibrium (p<0.05). The genotypic frequency of BLGAA was low respect the BLGAB and BLGBB genotypic frequencies. Our results are discussed to associate them to kappa caseins (CASK) genotypes, milk production and cheese yielding of Creole cattle. This information will be useful in future breeding programs, as an alternative to a sustainable economic development to improve life quality of the rural communities of these regions of Peru. It is important to indicate the relevance of the in situ conservation of this specie locally adapted that survives in low-input production systems.