Examinando por Autor "Rimachi Gamarra, Luis Fernando"

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Controversy over GM maize in Peru
(Springer Nature, 2011-02-02) Rimachi Gamarra, Luis Fernando; Alcántara Delgado, Jorge Enrique; Ortiz Rios, Rodomiro Octavio
The INIA analysed the source and quantity of maize imports, records of seed cultivars, their genetic diversity and planting location. Evidence of transgenes was discovered in only some of the poultry grain samples. This finding is not surprising. We believe that the Barranca region today is unlikely to be a primary centre of maize diversity. However, farmers there may be growing maize hybrids and other cultivars that have seeds of foreign origin.
Detecting adventitious transgenic events in a maize center of diversity
(Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, 2011-07-15) Rimachi Gamarra, Luis Fernando; Alcántara Delgado, Jorge Enrique; Aquino Villasante, Yeny Natali; Ortiz Rios, Rodomiro Octavio
Background: The genetic diversity of maize in Peru includes several landraces (within race clusters) and modern open pollinated and hybrid cultivars that are grown by farmers across various regions, thereby making this country a secondary center of diversity for this crop. A main topic of controversy in recent years refers to the unintended presence of transgenic events in locally grown cultivars at main centers of crop diversity. Peru does not yet have biosafety regulations to control or permit the growing of genetically modified crops. Hence, the aim of this research was to undertake a survey in the valley of Barranca, where there were recent claims of authorized transgenic maize grown in farmers fields as well as in samples taken from feed storage and grain or seed trade centers. Results: A total of 162 maize samples (134 from fields, 15 from local markets, eight from the collecting centers of poultry companies, from the local trading center and four samples from seed markets) were included for a qualitative detection by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of Cauliflower Mosaic Virus (CaMV) 35S promoter (P35S) and nopaline synthase terminator (Tnos) sequences, as well as for six transgenic events, namely BT11, NK603, T25, 176, TC1507 and MON810. The 134 maize samples from farmers fields were negative for Cry1Ab delta-endotoxin insecticidal protein and enzyme 5 enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) using lateral flow strips. The PCR analysis did not detect any of the six transgenic events in samples from farmers fields, local markets, seed trading shops and the local collecting center. There were four transgenic events (T25, NK603, MON810 and TC1507) in grain samples from the barns of poultry companies. Conclusions: This research could not detect, at the 95% probability level, transgenes in farmers' fields in the valley of Barranca. The four transgenic events in grain samples from barns of poultry companies were not surprising because Peru imports maize, mainly for animal feed, from Argentina and the United States that are known for growing transgenic maize.
Variabilidad genética y distribución geográfica del maní, Arachis hypogaea L. en la Región Ucayali, Perú
(Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2012-12-31) Rimachi Gamarra, Luis Fernando; Andrade, Daniel Junior; Verástegui, Milusqui; Mori, Jaime; Soto, Victor; Estrada Jiménez, Rolando
El Perú ha sido reconocido como uno de los más importantes centros de diversidad del cultivo de maní y de acuerdo a la evidencia arqueológica, pudo haber sido el centro de origen para dicho cultivo. Para incrementar el conocimiento de la diversidad genética del maní en el Perú, se evaluaron 65 accesiones de maní, correspondientes a 21 variedades locales, de las cuencas de los ríos San Alejandro, Ucayali y Aguaytía, de la Región Ucayali. Las accesiones fueron proporcionadas por el proyecto “Modelos de diversidad y de erosión genética en cultivos tradicionales: Asesoría rápida y detección temprana de riesgos usando herramientas SIG”, ejecutado en el Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria. Se utilizó la técnica AFLP para estimar la variabilidad genética del cultivo, así como para identificar áreas con la mayor riqueza genética. Se obtuvo un total de 157 bandas polimórficas (45,6%), a partir de 10 combinaciones de iniciadores AFLP en nuestras 65 entradas de maní. Se consideraron sólo 135 bandas polimórficas, en base a su contenido de información polimórfica (0,1