Examinando por Autor "Maicelo, Jorge L."

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Agronomic and nutritional evaluation of INIA 910—Kumymarca ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.): An alternative for sustainable forage production in department of Amazonas (NW Peru)
(MDPI, 2025-01-01) Vásquez, Héctor V.; Valqui, Leandro; Bobadilla, Leidy G.; Meseth Macchiavello, Enrique; Trigoso, Milton J.; Zagaceta, Luis H.; Valqui Valqui, Lamberto; Saravia Navarro, David; Barboza, Elgar; Maicelo, Jorge L.
Grassland ecosystems cover about 25% of the Earth’s surface, providing essential ecosystem services that benefit nature, people, and food security. This study evaluated agronomic and nutritional parameters of ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) based on fertilization levels and cutting frequency in the Amazonas department. The INIA 910—Kumymarca variety was used with nitrogen fertilization rates (0, 60, 120, 180 kg/ha) and cutting intervals of 30 and 45 days for agronomic traits and 30, 45, and 60 days for nutritional traits. A randomized complete block design with eight treatments and three replications was applied. Repeated measures analysis and Tukey’s mean comparison tests (p < 0.005) were performed, along with Pearson correlation and response surface analysis using the central composite design in R. The results showed that applying 180 kg/ha of nitrogen with a 45-day cutting interval provided the highest dry matter yield (460 kg/m2 ) and superior agronomic traits, including plant height (96.73 cm), number of tillers, and stem diameter. Non-fertilized treatments had the highest crude protein content (17.45%) and digestibility, while higher nitrogen doses increased crude fiber and acid detergent fiber, reducing digestibility. Significant correlations were observed between fresh and dry weight with plant height (p = 0.000; r = 0.84), fiber contents (p = 0.000; r = 1), and ash and protein content (p = 0.000; r = 0.85). The optimal management practice was cutting every 45 days with 180 kg/ha of nitrogen (T8), maximizing forage yield and quality. Proper fertilization and cutting management can improve ryegrass production, benefiting livestock feeding and rural economies.
Changes in gut microbiota in peruvian cattle genetic nucleus by breed and correlations with beef quality
(MDPI, 2024-11-29) Quilcate Pairazamán, Carlos Enrique; Estrada Cañari, Richard; Romero Avila, Yolanda Madelein; Rojas Cruz, Diorman; Mamani Chullo, Rolando; Hañari Quispe, Renán Dilton; Aliaga, Mery; Galindo, Walter; Vásquez, Héctor V.; Maicelo, Jorge L.; Arbizu, Carlos I.
This study evaluated the gut microbiota and meat quality traits in 11 healthy female cattle from the Huaral region of Peru, including 5 Angus, 3 Braunvieh, and 3 F1 Simmental × Braunvieh. All cattle were 18 months old and maintained on a consistent lifelong diet. Meat quality traits, including loin area, fat thickness, muscle depth, and marbling, were assessed in vivo using ultrasonography. Fecal samples were collected for microbiota analysis, and DNA was extracted for 16S and 18S rRNA sequencing to characterize bacterial, fungal, and protist communities. Significant correlations were observed between microbial genera and meat traits: Christensenellaceae R-7 and Alistipes were positively associated with marbling and muscle area, while Rikenellaceae RC9 showed a negative correlation with fat thickness. Among fungi, Candida positively correlated with marbling, while Trichosporon was negatively associated with muscle depth. For protists, Entodinium negatively correlated with fat thickness and marbling. Alpha diversity varied by breed, with Angus showing greater bacterial diversity, and beta diversity analyses indicated a strong breed influence on microbial composition. These findings suggest that microbial composition, shaped by breed and dietary consistency, could serve as an indicator of meat quality, offering insights into gut microbiota’s role in optimizing cattle production.
Complete mitogenome, phylogenetic and SNP-data analysis of jakumaru (Bos taurus), a prime bull from a Peruvian breeding core herd
(Unique Scientific Publishers, 2025-01-22) Estrada Cañari, Richard; Romero Avila, Yolanda Madelein; Figueroa Venegas, Deyanira Antonella; Quilcate Pairazamán, Carlos Enrique; León Trinidad, Silvia Eliana; Casanova Nuñez Melgar, David pavel; Maicelo, Jorge L.; Arbizu, Carlos I.
This study provides a comprehensive mitochondrial genome sequence and a phylogenetic analysis of Jakumaru (Bos taurus), a prominent bull from a Peruvian breeding program. The mitochondrial genome, spanning 16,340bp, comprises 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, and 2 rRNA genes, with a GC content of 40%. The gene arrangement and structural organization are highly conserved, closely resembling those of related Bovine species, indicating a stable genomic architecture essential for mitochondrial function. Phylogenetic analysis, incorporating 35 complete bovine mitochondrial genomes, positions Jakumaru within Subclade I, revealing a close relationship with European Simmental cattle. The study emphasizes the biological diversity and the evolution of the Simmental breed, influenced by natural selection, breeding practices, and genetic drift. These findings enhance our understanding of the breed's genetic variation and its evolution, particularly in the context of its importance in Peru